Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology — Flashcards
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Interosseous membrane ossification is characteristic of _____.
What type of rhabdomyosarcoma is shown in the given image? _____
What type of rhabdomyosarcoma is shown in the given image? _____
Tennis racket cells in light microscopy seen in _____
Osteogenesis imperfecta is most commonly caused by gene defects in _____ and COL1A2
_____myositis is characterized by endomysial inflammation with necrotic muscle fibers on biopsy
_____ is a bone tumor that is associated with t(11;22) translocation
In osteoporosis, cytokines stimulate osteoclast recruitment and _____ the levels of RANKL and decrease the expression of osteoprotegrin
_____ may present with blue sclerae due to translucent connective tissue over choroidal veins
_____ may occur due to carbonic anhydrase II mutations, which leads to loss of the acidic environment necessary for bone resorption
Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology Flashcard Deck - 99 Cards
Flashcard 1: Interosseous membrane ossification is characteristic of _____.
Answer: fluorosis
Flashcard 2: What type of rhabdomyosarcoma is shown in the given image? _____
Answer: Alveolar
Flashcard 3: What type of rhabdomyosarcoma is shown in the given image? _____
Answer: Botryoid
Flashcard 4: Tennis racket cells in light microscopy seen in _____
Answer: sarcoma botryoids
Flashcard 5: Osteogenesis imperfecta is most commonly caused by gene defects in _____ and COL1A2
Answer: COL1A1
Flashcard 6: _____myositis is characterized by endomysial inflammation with necrotic muscle fibers on biopsy
Answer: Poly
Flashcard 7: _____ is a bone tumor that is associated with t(11;22) translocation
Answer: Ewing sarcoma
Flashcard 8: In osteoporosis, cytokines stimulate osteoclast recruitment and _____ the levels of RANKL and decrease the expression of osteoprotegrin
Answer: increase
Flashcard 9: _____ may present with blue sclerae due to translucent connective tissue over choroidal veins
Answer: Osteogenesis imperfecta
Flashcard 10: _____ may occur due to carbonic anhydrase II mutations, which leads to loss of the acidic environment necessary for bone resorption
Answer: Osteopetrosis
Flashcard 11: Osteoclasts may tunnel and dissect centrally along bony trabeculae resulting in railroad track appearance, also called as _____, seen in hyperparathyroidism
Answer: dissecting osteitis
Flashcard 12: X-linked osteopetrosis which occurs due to _____ gene mutation is also known as anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Answer: IKBKG
Flashcard 13: _____ is due to defective mineralization of osteoid
Answer: Osteomalacia (Rickets)
Flashcard 14: _____ is characterized by eburnation (polishing) of the subchondral bone
Answer: Osteoarthritis
Flashcard 15: _____ is a disorder that is characterized by abnormal hardening of bone and an elevation in bone density, seen in conditions such as Renal osteodystrophy and Fluorosis
Answer: Osteosclerosis
Flashcard 16: _____ -myositis is characterized by peri -mysial inflammation with perifascicular atrophy on biopsy
Answer: Dermato
Flashcard 17: _____ and osteoid osteoma do not contain giant cells.
Answer: Enchondroma
Flashcard 18: Histology of adamantinoma shows _____ islands in a fibrous stroma
Answer: epithelial basaloid cell
Flashcard 19: In adults, woven bone is seen _____ and in Paget disease.
Answer: after fractures
Flashcard 20: _____ tumor is a fibroadenoma-like tumor with overgrowth of the fibrous component, causing 'leaf-like' projections
Answer: Phyllodes
Flashcard 21: The cement substance of an otosclerotic foci stains _____ with H&E stain and is called as Blue mantle sign
Answer: blue
Flashcard 22: Sclerosing osteomyelitis of Garre's is characterized by the absence of _____ and a marked periosteal reaction
Answer: pus
Flashcard 23: Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia with intramuscular _____ is Mazabraud syndrome.
Answer: myxoma
Flashcard 24: Myxoid liposarcomas are associated with translocation in _____
Answer: t(12
Flashcard 25: Chronic _____ may cause Osteomyelitis
Answer: Blastomycosis
Flashcard 26: Rhabdomyoblasts are characterized by positive IHC staining for _____ and myogenin
Answer: desmin
Flashcard 27: Most common subtype of osteosarcoma is _____medullary, osteoblastic, and high grade
Answer: intra
Flashcard 28: One complication of _____ is osteitis fibrosa cystica, which is characterized by bone pain and cystic bone spaces filled with brown fibrous tissue
Answer: hyperparathyroidism
Flashcard 29: The term _____ marrow refers to the degenerated bone marrow in the cranial bones, seen in the old age.
Answer: gelatinous
Flashcard 30: Striated muscle can give rise to a _____ (benign) and rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant)
Answer: rhabdomyoma
Flashcard 31: _____ is characterized by normal calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone levels.
Answer: Osteoporosis
Flashcard 32: When Pseudogout crystals are aspirated from the joint for microscopic analysis, these are _____ and weakly positively birefringent under parallel polarized light
Answer: blue
Flashcard 33: _____ -associated amyloidosis is characterized by deposition of 2-microglobulin in joints
Answer: Dialysis
Flashcard 34: Osteoma is a benign tumor of _____ that is seen in middle age
Answer: bone
Flashcard 35: In _____, one or more foci of irregularly laid spongy bone replace part of the normally dense bone, inside the otic capsule
Answer: otosclerosis
Flashcard 36: The exuberant proliferation of _____ is seen in desmoid tumors
Answer: fibroblasts
Flashcard 37: Brodie's abscess occurs when organisms of _____ virulence infect an immunocompetent host
Answer: low
Flashcard 38: _____ ossification is defective in achondroplasia.
Answer: Endochondral
Flashcard 39: _____ is a localized form of subacute osteomyelitis that occurs most often in the long bones of the lower extremities of young adults.
Answer: Brodie abscess
Flashcard 40: Chondromas if they arise from _____ are called as synovial chondromatosis
Answer: synovium
Flashcard 41: When chronically _____, PTH has catabolic effects on bone, known as osteitis fibrosa cystica.
Answer: elevated
Flashcard 42: Ewings sarcoma are _____ positive (owing to intracellular glycogen) and reticulin negative
Answer: periodic acid schiff (PAS)
Flashcard 43: Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis is caused by a _____-grade anaerobic infection which is effectively contained by the host immune system
Answer: low
Flashcard 44: _____ is a mild autosomal dominant form of osteopetrosis that is caused by a mutation of CLCN7 gene
Answer: Albers-Schonberg disease
Flashcard 45: _____ is a self-limited fibroblastic and myofibroblastic proliferation arising in deep dermis, subcutis or muscle that typically occurs following trauma
Answer: Nodular fasciitis
Flashcard 46: Stickler syndrome is due to defect in type _____ collagen
Answer: II
Flashcard 47: Spindle cells of aneurysmal bone cyst frequently demonstrate rearrangements of chromosome _____, leading to USP6 overexpression
Answer: 17p13
Flashcard 48: Desmoid tumor commonly affects males _____ than females
Answer: less
Flashcard 49: On histology, a gradient of maturation (zonation) from cellular, loose, and myxoid to organized and fibrous is typical of _____ fasciitis
Answer: nodular
Flashcard 50: What is the earliest pathological change seen in osteoarthritis?_____
Answer: Asymmetrical hyaline articular cartilage loss
Flashcard 51: What are the common locations for chordoma? _____
Answer: Sacrum, Base of skull, Vertebra (3)
Flashcard 52: Which subtype of liposarcoma is associated with sheets of anaplastic cells, bizarre nuclei and variable amounts of lipoblasts?_____
Answer: Pleomorphic
Flashcard 53: In pseudoarthrosis, the central portion of the callus undergoes _____ degeneration
Answer: cystic
Flashcard 54: Glomus tumor affects the females _____ than males
Answer: more
Flashcard 55: What subtype of liposarcoma is associated with few immature adipocytes and basophilic extracellular matrix w/ branching capillaries?_____
Answer: Myxoid
Flashcard 56: The crystals of Calcium hydroxyapatite deposition disease are _____birefringent
Answer: non
Flashcard 57: Rheumatoid arthritis can cause _____ arthritis
Answer: erosive (erosive/non-erosive)
Flashcard 58: Glomus tumor is a _____ growing tumor that is locally invasive.
Answer: slow (rapidly/slow)
Flashcard 59: What subtype of liposarcoma is associated with mature adipocytes and scattered spindle cells with hyperchromatic nuclei?_____
Answer: Well-differentiated
Flashcard 60: _____ is the most commonly seen tumor in retroperitoneal space
Answer: Liposarcoma
Flashcard 61: What is the proliferative component of giant cell tumor?_____
Answer: Mononuclear stromal cells
Flashcard 62: Large, malignant chondrocytes on histology with clear cytoplasm, numerous osteoclast-type giant cells and intralesional reactive bone formation is seen in _____
Answer: chondrosarcoma
Flashcard 63: Is desmoid tumor capsulated or unencapsulated?_____
Answer: Unencapsulated
Flashcard 64: The pathophysiology of osteoporosis is decreased bone _____
Answer: mass
Flashcard 65: What is the most lethal type of Osteogenesis imperfecta?*****
Answer: Type 2
Flashcard 66: Well-differentiated liposarcomas are associated with amplification in _____ gene
Answer: 12q13-q15
Flashcard 67: All Ewing's sarcomas are considered _____ grade.
Answer: high
Flashcard 68: Both _____ and langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) have cells with grooved nuclei with eosinophilic cytoplasm.
Answer: chondroblastoma
Flashcard 69: Desmoid tumors have a _____ recurrence rate
Answer: high
Flashcard 70: What is the age group associated with chondrosarcoma?_____
Answer: 40-50 year old
Flashcard 71: _____ sequestrum is seen in radiation
Answer: Button-hole
Flashcard 72: Chondrosarcoma is associated with _____glycemia
Answer: hyper
Flashcard 73: Caries of the cervical spine can lead to _____ retropharyngeal abscess
Answer: chronic
Flashcard 74: In Milwaukee shoulder, the synovial fluid can be stained with _____ staining
Answer: alizarin red
Flashcard 75: _____ is the most common cause of non-healing in chronic osteomyelitis.
Answer: Sequestrum
Flashcard 76: The most common site of infection in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis is the _____.
Answer: metaphysis
Flashcard 77: Synovial Sarcoma is associated with which fusion gene?_____
Answer: SS18-SSX
Flashcard 78: What subtype of liposarcoma is associated with sheets of anaplastic cells w/ bizzare nuclei and few immature adipocytes?_____
Answer: Pleomorphic
Flashcard 79: Which type of osteosarcoma is most common?_____
Answer: Classical/Intramedullary
Flashcard 80: Which cells are osteoid osteomas made up of?_____
Answer: Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
Flashcard 81: Tennis racket cells in light microscopy seen in _____
Answer: sarcoma botryoids
Flashcard 82: The pathophysiology of Paget's disease is increased bone _____
Answer: turnover
Flashcard 83: Pleomorphic cells surrounded by osteoid on histological examination is characteristic of _____
Answer: osteosarcoma
Flashcard 84: _____ fluorosis is seen at fluoride intake levels of 3-6mg/L
Answer: Skeletal
Flashcard 85: _____ squestrum is seen at the tuberculosis of rib
Answer: Flake/feathery
Flashcard 86: Osteopetrosis is due to mutation in the _____ gene leading to defective bone resorption
Answer: CLCN7
Flashcard 87: The clear cell and especially the mesenchymal variants of chondrosarcoma occur in _____ patients, in their teens or 20s
Answer: younger
Flashcard 88: _____ in chronic osteomyelitis is formed from deep layers of stripped periosteum
Answer: Involucrum
Flashcard 89: _____ is a calcium staining technique used to distinguish osteoid from mineralized bone.
Answer: Azan stain
Flashcard 90: Lytic bony lesions in myeloma are seen most commonly in the _____.
Answer: vertebrae (bone)
Flashcard 91: Negatively birefringent crystals will appear _____ when aligned parellel to the axis of polarized light
Answer: yellow
Flashcard 92: What are the clinical findings of bone in tertiary hyperparathyroidism?_____
Answer: Von Recklinghausen disease of bone or Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica
Flashcard 93: Eventually as desmoid tumor undergoes _____ degeneration and starts growing more rapidly
Answer: myxomatous
Flashcard 94: _____ is the most common site for occurrence of ossifying fibroma
Answer: Mandible
Flashcard 95: Synovial sarcomas have a _____ prognosis
Answer: poor
Flashcard 96: Which subtype of liposarcoma is usually aggressive and frequently metastasizes?_____
Answer: Pleomorphic
Flashcard 97: Paget disease may lead to weakness of skull base leading to _____
Answer: platybasia
Flashcard 98: Achondroplasia is associated with _____cephaly.
Answer: macro
Flashcard 99: The genetic abnormality seen in myxoid liposarcoma is _____.
Answer: t(12;16)
Keywords: Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
Study by Chapter
Bone Development and Growth
Flashcards
Fracture Healing
Flashcards
Osteomyelitis and Infectious Diseases
Flashcards
Metabolic Bone Diseases
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Bone Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions
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Joints and Rheumatologic Diseases
Flashcards
Soft Tissue Tumors
Flashcards
Muscular Dystrophies and Myopathies
Flashcards
Diseases of Tendons and Fascia
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Pathology of Orthopedic Implants
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