Nosocomial Infections — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Along with transfusions, a patient with Acute Chest Syndrome (ACS) should also be given prophylactic _____ therapy and incentive spirometry

Answer: antibiotic

Flashcard 2: BUN, LFT must be checked once _____ in a patient undergoing total parenteral nutrition

Answer: weekly

Flashcard 3: The rate of catheter infection is highest for those placed in the _____ vein

Answer: femoral

Flashcard 4: What is the most common category of complications associated with enteral nutrition?

Answer: Mechanical (tube-related) complications

Extra: Major categories of enteral nutrition complications: 1. **Mechanical (Most common):** Tube displacement, clogging, or kink. 2. **Gastrointestinal:** Diarrhea (the most common clinical symptom), nausea, and vomiting. 3. **Metabolic:** Electrolyte disturbances, hyperglycemia, and refeeding syndrome. 4. **Infectious:** Aspiration pneumonia.

Flashcard 5: Metabolic complications such as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia are commonly associated with which type of nutritional support?

Answer: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)

Extra: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is associated with metabolic complications like hypoglycemia (often upon abrupt discontinuation) and hyperglycemia. It bypasses the gastrointestinal tract, requiring careful monitoring of electrolytes and blood glucose.

Flashcard 6: The massive insulin surge in refeeding syndrome results in _____phosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia

Answer: hypo

Flashcard 7: The best position for a conscious patient to be in during the insertion of Ryle's tube is _____ with neck flexion.

Answer: sitting

Flashcard 8: Non-ICU inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia are treated with: _____ OR β-lactam + macrolide (or doxycycline)

Answer: Respiratory fluoroquinolone

Flashcard 9: Major risk factors for parotitis include dehydration, _____ (elderly postoperative patients), and anti-cholinergics

Answer: intubation