Dermatitis and Eczema — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Chlamydia trachomatis

Answer:

Extra: reactive arthritis, conjunctivitis, urethritis, PIDazithromycin or doxycycline

Flashcard 2: Campylobacter jejuni

Answer: -

Extra: comma shapedgrows at 42° C mnemonic: Campy likes a hot campfire +dysentery, Guillain-Barre, reactive arthritispoultry, puppies, undercooked meat, unpastuerized dairy

Flashcard 3: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer: -

Extra: bacilliaerobic-+pneumonia, otitis externa, UTI, osteomyelitis, folliculitisaminoglycoside + wide spectrum penicillinexotoxin A

Flashcard 4: Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer: -

Extra: diplococciyes, polysaccharide capsule-gonorrhea, septic arthritis, neonatal conjunctivitis, PID, Fitz-Hugh-Cutris syndromeceftriaxone + (azithromycin or doxycycline for potential chlaymidia coinfection)

Flashcard 5: Peyronie's disease

Answer: fibrotic tissue formation in penis shaft

Extra: non-painful, bent penis

Flashcard 6: Krukenberg tumor

Answer: GI malignancy mets to ovaries (adenocarcinoma)

Extra: mucin-secreting signet cells

Flashcard 7: Writer's cramp, torticollis, and blepherospasm are examples of what type of movement disorder?

Answer: dystonia

Flashcard 8: What lesion or condition is associated with resting tremor?

Answer: damage to SNc; Parkinson's disease

Flashcard 9: essential tremor

Answer: unknown, genetic predisposition

Extra: action tremor exacerbated by holding a posture and intentional movement, diminished with EtOHβ-blockers, primidone

Flashcard 10: intention tremor

Answer: type of action tremor; slow zigzag motion when extending finger toward target, NOT vibratory tremor

Flashcard 11: What lesion is associated with chorea?

Answer: basal ganglia

Flashcard 12: What lesion is associated with intention tremor?

Answer: cerebellar lesion/dysfunction

Flashcard 13: dystonia

Answer: sustained involuntary muscle contractions

Flashcard 14: postural tremor

Answer: type of action tremor; vibratory tremor when holding a posture, exacerbated by intentional movement

Flashcard 15: coordination of trunk

Answer: medial cerebellum

Flashcard 16: What is the purpose of the CNS blood-brain barrier?

Answer: limits diffusion of blood components or solutes into CSF/CNS --> protection from infection and intoxication

Flashcard 17: What triplet is associated with Friedrich's ataxia?

Answer: GAA mnemonic: X-Girlfriend's First Aid Helped Ace My Test

Flashcard 18: Friedrich's ataxia (spinocerebellar ataxia)

Answer:

Extra: AR, triplet repeat disorder(GAA repeats in) FXN (frataxin)mnemonic: X-Girlfriend's First Aid Helped Ace My Test

Flashcard 19: Parkinson's disease

Answer: degenerative disorder of CNS

Extra: resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instabilityLewy bodies, depigmentation of SNc dopamine precursor dopamine agonist increase dopamine release dopamine breakdown inhibitors antimuscarinic decreased: dopamine in SNc

Flashcard 20: hemiballismus

Answer: sudden, wild flailing of limb or limbs on one side of body

Flashcard 21: What conditions are most associated with genetic imprinting?

Answer: Prader-Willi syndrome and Angleman's syndrome

Flashcard 22: autosomal dominant

Answer: no

Extra: less severedefects in structural geneslatenono

Flashcard 23: autosomal recessive

Answer: yes

Extra: more severeenzyme deficienciesearlynono

Flashcard 24: X-linked dominant

Answer: no

Extra: all daughters of affected males, no sons of affected malesno male-to-male transmission

Flashcard 25: What effect might you expect to see in triplet repeat diseases over several generations?

Answer: genetic anticipation

Flashcard 26: anticipation (genetics)

Answer: increased severity or earlier onset of disease in successive generations

Flashcard 27: Give the stages of the cell cycle.

Answer: G0, G1, S phase, G2, mitosis

Flashcard 28: athetosis

Answer: slow "snake-like" twisting and writhing of limbs and fingers

Flashcard 29: Who is coverd by Medicaid?

Answer: Low-income

Flashcard 30: primary prevention (epidemiology)

Answer: prevent disease occurrence (e.g. HPV vaccination)

Flashcard 31: The diagnostic lesion of _____ dermatitis is a well-demarcated coin-shaped erythematous plaque with vesicles surrounding it.

Answer: nummular

Flashcard 32: Multiple _____ giving rise to a crocodile-skin effect.

Answer: spark lesions

Flashcard 33: Atopic dermatitis in _____ usually start on the face and most commonly involves the extensor aspect of knees and elbows

Answer: infants

Flashcard 34: Seborrheic dermatitis is caused by oversecretion of the _____ due to a hypersensitivity reaction to Malassezia spp

Answer: sebaceous glands

Flashcard 35: Common location of nummular eczema is trunk or extensor surfaces of extremities, particularly on the pretibial areas (in _____) or dorsal aspects of hand (in women).

Answer: men

Flashcard 36: _____ is a vitamin deficiency complication associated with dermatitis in a C3/C4 dermatome distribution

Answer: Pellagra

Flashcard 37: _____ dermatitis presents with a pruritic, oozing rash with vesicles and edema due to a type IV HSR

Answer: Contact

Flashcard 38: _____ is a pattern of dermatitis in which hypopigmentation is the most conspicuous feature.

Answer: Pityriasis Alba

Flashcard 39: Seborrheic dermatitis is typically treated with low-potency topical _____ or a selenium-based shampoo

Answer: steroids

Flashcard 40: Lichen _____ presents as leukoplakia with thick, leathery vulvar skin

Answer: simplex chronicus

Flashcard 41: Atopic dermatitis in _____ most commonly involves the flexor aspects (wrists, ankle) and neck

Answer: children

Flashcard 42: _____ is a distinct type of Hand Eczema of the palms and soles in which edema fluid accumulates to form sago grain or tapioca vesicles and bullae

Answer: Pompholyx

Flashcard 43: _____ disease is associated with dermatitis herpetiformis, which are small, herpes-like vesicles on the skin

Answer: Celiac

Flashcard 44: Atopic dermatitis in _____ most commonly involves the flexor aspects or palms

Answer: adults

Flashcard 45: Seborrheic dermatitis is a common, chronic inflammatory disease that presents with a flaky, scaling, rash involving the _____ and eyebrows

Answer: scalp

Flashcard 46: _____ dermatitis presents with an intensely pruritic, oozing rash with vesicles and edema due to a type I HSR

Answer: Atopic (eczematous)

Flashcard 47: A characteristic _____ pattern of asteatotic eczema is observed on the legs in particular, resulting in the synonym of eczma craquel.

Answer: crazy-paving

Flashcard 48: What is the commonest predisposing skin condition to Kaposi varicelliform eruption?_____

Answer: Atopic dermatitis

Flashcard 49: What is the typical feature of Zinc deficiency in children?_____

Answer: Dermatitis

Flashcard 50: _____ are the commonest exogenous cause of hand eczema and pompholyx

Answer: Contact irritants/allergens

Flashcard 51: _____ fold is found under lower eyelid in atopic dermatitis

Answer: Dennie morgan

Flashcard 52: Atopic Dermatitis is frequently associated with other atopic conditions in the individual or other family member and in patients harbouring a _____ mutation.

Answer: filaggrin

Flashcard 53: _____ is the most frequent contact allergen for contact dermatitis

Answer: Nickel

Flashcard 54: Which mineral deficiency is implicated in asteatotic eczema?_____

Answer: Zinc

Flashcard 55: _____ eczema is primarily caused by microorganisms or their products.

Answer: Infective

Flashcard 56: Pityriasis alba is often a manifestation of _____

Answer: atopic eczema

Flashcard 57: _____ is the most common skin condition associated with cataract

Answer: Atopic dermatitis

Flashcard 58: _____ eczema presents as an eruption that is typically oedematous, vesicular and may be exudative.

Answer: Acute (Acute/Chronic)

Flashcard 59: The diagnosis of contact dermatitis is made by _____ test

Answer: patch

Flashcard 60: Miliaria _____ is common on the trunk in hospitalized patients

Answer: rubra

Flashcard 61: Pompholyx is more common in people with a previous history of _____ elsewhere.

Answer: atopic eczema

Flashcard 62: In patch testing, the patch is removed after _____ hours to examine the site of reaction

Answer: 48

Flashcard 63: The UK refinement of _____ criteria is used in the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis.

Answer: Hanifin and Rajka

Flashcard 64: Milairia _____ has minute erythematous papules, seen in areas of friction with clothing, especially flexures, and produce and unbearable pricky sensation

Answer: rubra

Flashcard 65: _____ eczema is secondary infection of eczema lesions which is primarily due to some other etiology.

Answer: Infected

Flashcard 66: The hallmark of eczema in terms of symptoms is _____

Answer: pruritus

Flashcard 67: What is the most important cause of erythroderma?_____

Answer: Eczema (due to various causes)

Flashcard 68: Asteatotic eczema is also called as _____ eczema

Answer: winter

Flashcard 69: The diagnostic lesion of _____ dermatitis is a well-demarcated coin-shaped erythematous plaque with vesicles surrounding it.

Answer: nummular

Flashcard 70: _____ eczema affects the legs, arms and hands of elderly people in the context of very dry skin.

Answer: Asteatotic

Flashcard 71: Photoallergic contact dermatitis spares the skin behind earlobe (_____ triangle) since it is a photo-protected site.

Answer: Wilkinson s

Flashcard 72: What age group is commonly affected by asteatotic eczema?_____

Answer: Elderly

Flashcard 73: Hunan hand is due to _____

Answer: capsicum annum

Flashcard 74: The confluent vesicles of pompholyx are pain_____ and pruritic

Answer: ful

Flashcard 75: _____ dermatitis can also cause erythroderma, especially in the immunocompromised (eg. HIV)

Answer: Seborrheic

Flashcard 76: The sides of the neck in chronic atopic dermatitis may show a striking _____ pigmentation, sometimes referred to as atopic dirty neck.

Answer: reticulate

Flashcard 77: What kind of dermatitis is seen in Eczema?_____

Answer: Spongiotic

Flashcard 78: _____ is the characteristic histopathological feature of acute eczema.

Answer: Spongiosis

Flashcard 79: Irritant contact dermatitis and Candida dermatitis present similarly, but the former _____ the skinfolds

Answer: spares

Flashcard 80: _____ is the only recommended systemic therapy for chronic hand eczema.

Answer: Alitretinoin