Infectious Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: _____ is the maintenance host for japanese encephalitis

Answer: egret bird

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Flashcard 52: flea index in area should be _____ within 48 hrs of spray of DDT

Answer: <1

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Flashcard 53: target of NTEP(national TB elimination programme) is to end TB by _____

Answer: 2025

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Flashcard 54: IP of bubonic/septicemic plague is _____

Answer: 2-7 days

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Flashcard 55: The **extrinsic** incubation period (in the sandfly) for leishmaniasis is _____

Answer: 1-2 weeks

Extra: The vector for leishmaniasis is the female sandfly (*Phlebotomus* species). - **Extrinsic incubation period** (in vector): 6-10 days (approx. 1-2 weeks). - **Intrinsic incubation period** (in human): 1-4 months.

Flashcard 56: 1. Identify → _____ 2. Features → _____ 3. Spreads → _____

Answer: Sandfly (Phlebotomine)

Extra: The Sandfly (Phlebotomine) is the vector for Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar and Oriental Sore) and Sandfly fever. Key morphologic features include its small size (about 1/4th of a mosquito), hairy body, and wings held at a 45-degree angle (lanceolate shape).

Flashcard 57: 1. Identify the instrument → _____ 2. Mention two uses → _____

Answer: Tuberculin Syringe

Extra: The Tuberculin syringe is a 1 mL syringe calibrated with 0.01 mL graduations, allowing for precise measurement of small volumes. It is used for intradermal injections such as the Mantoux test (PPD) and BCG vaccination.

Flashcard 58: The pre-patent period of P. falciparum is _____

Answer: 5-7 days

Extra: Intrinsic incubation period (sporozoite entry to clinical symptoms): - P. falciparum: 12 days - P. vivax: 14 days - P. ovale: 14 days - P. malariae: 28 days Extrinsic incubation period (in mosquito): 10-21 days depending on temperature.

Flashcard 59: anopheles _____ spreads malaria in forest areas

Answer: fluviatilis

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Flashcard 60: Case fatality ratio in diphtheria is _____%

Answer: 5-10