Infectious Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 341: Based on sentinel surveillance data, the **_____** in the adult population can be broadly classified into three groups: 1. **Group I (High Prevalence):** >5% in high-risk groups and >1% in antenatal women. 2. **Group II (Moderate Prevalence):** >5% in high-risk groups but <1% in antenatal women. 3. **Group III (Low Prevalence):** <5% in all high-risk groups and <1% in antenatal women.

Answer: HIV prevalence

Extra: This classification was traditionally used by NACO (National AIDS Control Organisation) to categorize states in India based on HIV sentinel surveillance data. Note: Modern surveillance has shifted towards more granular district-level reporting, but this classic classification remains important for exams.

Flashcard 342: The molar ratio of glucose to sodium in WHO low osmolality ORS is _____

Answer: 1:1

Flashcard 343: Patients with whooping cough are most infectious during the _____ stage of infection.

Answer: catarrhal

Flashcard 344: Chemoprophylaxis for the contact must be initiated only _____ after treatment for leprosy has begun in the patient.

Answer: 4 weeks

Flashcard 345: A single mosquito bite is _____ sufficient for effective transmission of lymphatic filariasis

Answer: not