Immunization and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 81: Equipment: _____ Use: Transport of vaccines from PHC to sub-center and back

Answer: Vaccine Carrier

Flashcard 82: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimen for rabies vaccine is:

Answer: 3 doses (on days 0, 7, and 21 or 28)

Extra: Current National Rabies Control Program (NRCP) guidelines in India recommend a 3-dose Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) schedule. Note: WHO 2018 guidelines updated this to a 2-dose regimen (0, 7).

Flashcard 83: _____ VAPP occurs in a unvaccinated and non immune child

Answer: contact

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Flashcard 84: 3rd priority for immunisation in rubella outbreak is _____

Answer: infants

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Flashcard 85: 2nd priority for immunisation in rubella outbreak is _____

Answer: children aged 1-14 years

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Flashcard 86: Dosing of Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine

Answer: Single dose (0.5 mL) starting at 2 years of age

Extra: Revaccination is required every 3 years. Typhoid Vaccine Comparison: 1. Vi Polysaccharide: ≥ 2 years; booster every 3 years. 2. TCV (Conjugate): ≥ 6 months; single dose. 3. Ty21a (Live Oral): ≥ 6 years; 3-4 doses (alternate days).

Flashcard 87: 5bc3eee324a34eb992046665c272b4a2-ao-4

Answer: tetanus prophylaxis

Extra: ALWAYS GIVE I.G. IF PATIENT IS HIV +VE

Flashcard 88: 1. Identify the vaccine (shown on back) → _____ 2. Vaccine type → _____ 3. Diluent for reconstitution → _____ 4. Status in India's National Immunization Schedule → _____

Answer: MMR Vaccine (Measles, Mumps, & Rubella)

Extra: In India, the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) uses the MR (Measles-Rubella) vaccine (doses at 9-12 months and 16-24 months). The MMR vaccine is recommended by the IAP for use in the private sector.

Flashcard 89: 1st dose of JE is given at _____ and 2 nd at _____

Answer: 9 months

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Flashcard 90: <b>Vaccine Logistics Formulas:</b> * Vaccine Wastage Rate = _____{\text{doses issued}} \times 100\%\)}} * Wastage Multiplication Factor (WMF) = _____\)}} <b>Example:</b> Pentavalent (10 dose vial), 9 doses used in a session: * Wastage rate = _____ * WMF = _____ <b>Doses and Wastage (NIS - Gujarat / GoI):</b> • <b>BCG:</b> 1 dose | 50% Wastage | 2.0 WMF • <b>MR:</b> 2 doses | 25% Wastage | 1.33 WMF • <b>OPV:</b> 5 doses | 10% Wastage | 1.11 WMF • <b>IPV / Penta / Rota / PCV:</b> 3 doses | 10% Wastage | 1.11 WMF • <b>DPT:</b> 2 doses | 10% Wastage | 1.11 WMF • <b>Td:</b> 3.5 doses* | 10% Wastage | 1.11 WMF <i>*Td calculation: 1.5 (average for pregnancy) + 1 (10y) + 1 (16y) = 3.5 doses per beneficiary.</i>

Answer: \(\frac{\text{doses issued} - \text{doses administered

Extra: The Wastage Multiplication Factor (WMF) is used to calculate the actual number of vaccine doses required for a program. Formula: Total Requirement = Target population × Doses in schedule × WMF. BCG has a high wastage rate (50%) because the vial is large and must be discarded within 4-6 hours of reconstitution, often before all doses are used in a typical session. MR/Measles also has a high wastage rate (25%) for similar reasons.