Biostatistics — Flashcards

Flashcard 131: Standard Normal Deviate or Variate (Z):\n_____

Answer: Z = (Observation - Mean) / SD

Extra: The Z-score (Standard Normal Deviate) indicates how many standard deviations an observation is from the mean in a normal distribution.

Flashcard 132: c65872b736324b578b20a22eef5c027a-ao-1

Answer: tests of significance

Extra: 

Flashcard 133: The correlation coefficient used for non-linear (monotonic) relationships is _____.

Answer: Spearman rank correlation

Flashcard 134: diagnostic capacity of a test is given by _____

Answer: positive predictive value

Extra: The positive predictive value (PPV) indicates the probability that a person with a positive test result actually has the disease. It is influenced by the prevalence of the disease in the population.

Flashcard 135: _____ predictive value varies inversely with pretest probability

Answer: Negative

Flashcard 136: Bar graphs can be used for representing _____ scale data that forms discrete categories

Answer: ordinal/nominal

Flashcard 137: When lowering the cutoff point for a disease, the _____ and PPV will decrease

Answer: specificity

Flashcard 138: _____ = (1 - sensitivity) / specificity

Answer: Negative likelihood ratio

Flashcard 139: _____ is least affected by outliers but mean is the most affected out of all the measures of location.

Answer: Mode

Flashcard 140: Histograms can be used for representing _____ scale data that forms continuous categories

Answer: quantitative