Rheumatology & Haematology Practice Questions

Question 1

A 38-year-old woman presents with recurrent episodes of severe abdominal pain and psychiatric symptoms. Her urine turns dark during attacks. Family history reveals similar episodes. What is the inheritance pattern?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Answer

Autosomal recessive

Answer

X-linked recessive

Answer

X-linked dominant

Answer

Mitochondrial

Question 2

A 28-year-old woman presents with sudden onset severe headache during exercise. She vomits and has neck stiffness. CT head shows subarachnoid hemorrhage. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Berry aneurysm

Answer

Arteriovenous malformation

Answer

Carotid dissection

Answer

Hypertensive hemorrhage

Answer

Trauma

Question 3

A 42-year-old woman presents with fatigue, muscle aches, and widespread pain. She has multiple tender points but normal inflammatory markers. Sleep is poor. What is the most appropriate initial treatment?

Accepted Answer

Pregabalin

Answer

NSAIDs

Answer

Prednisolone

Answer

Methotrexate

Answer

Physiotherapy alone

Question 4

A 52-year-old man presents with progressive dysphagia and weight loss. He has tight skin on his hands and Raynaud's phenomenon. What is the most likely esophageal abnormality?

Accepted Answer

Esophageal dysmotility

Answer

Esophageal carcinoma

Answer

Achalasia

Answer

Peptic stricture

Answer

Eosinophilic esophagitis

Question 5

A 48-year-old man presents with progressive muscle weakness affecting proximal muscles. CK is elevated at 3200 U/L. Muscle biopsy shows inflammatory infiltrates. What is the cancer screening recommendation?

Accepted Answer

No screening needed

Answer

Chest X-ray only

Answer

CT chest/abdomen/pelvis

Answer

Colonoscopy only

Answer

PSA testing only

Question 6

A 35-year-old woman presents with recurrent miscarriages and thrombosis. She has positive lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies. What is the mechanism of thrombosis?

Accepted Answer

Endothelial dysfunction

Answer

Platelet activation

Answer

Protein C deficiency

Answer

Factor V Leiden mutation

Answer

Hyperhomocysteinemia

Question 7

A 61-year-old man presents with progressive weakness in his hands and difficulty swallowing. EMG shows myopathic changes. Muscle biopsy shows rimmed vacuoles and eosinophilic inclusions. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Inclusion body myositis

Answer

Polymyositis

Answer

Dermatomyositis

Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Answer

Muscular dystrophy

Question 8

A 52-year-old woman presents with progressive dysphagia and weight loss. She has tight skin on her face and hands. ANA shows nucleolar pattern. What is the most concerning complication to screen for?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary hypertension

Answer

Renal crisis

Answer

Cardiac involvement

Answer

Esophageal stricture

Answer

Digital ulceration

Question 9

A 41-year-old woman presents with recurrent episodes of severe abdominal pain and confusion. During attacks, her urine turns dark red. She has a family history of similar symptoms. What is the most appropriate acute treatment?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

High-carbohydrate diet

Answer

Hemin therapy

Answer

Avoid precipitating drugs

Answer

IV fluids and analgesia

Question 10

A 32-year-old woman presents with recurrent miscarriages and livedo reticularis. Blood tests show thrombocytopenia and prolonged APTT. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Antiphospholipid syndrome

Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Answer

Factor V Leiden

Answer

Protein S deficiency

Rheumatology & Haematology

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Anaemia investigation

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