Respiratory Medicine Practice Questions

Question 1

A 42-year-old woman presents with fatigue, muscle aches, and widespread pain. She has multiple tender points but normal inflammatory markers. Sleep is poor. What is the most appropriate initial treatment?

Accepted Answer

Pregabalin

Answer

NSAIDs

Answer

Prednisolone

Answer

Methotrexate

Answer

Physiotherapy alone

Question 2

A 38-year-old woman presents with recurrent episodes of severe abdominal pain and psychiatric symptoms. Her urine turns dark during attacks. Family history reveals similar episodes. What is the inheritance pattern?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal dominant

Answer

Autosomal recessive

Answer

X-linked recessive

Answer

X-linked dominant

Answer

Mitochondrial

Question 3

A 28-year-old woman presents with sudden onset severe headache during exercise. She vomits and has neck stiffness. CT head shows subarachnoid hemorrhage. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Berry aneurysm

Answer

Arteriovenous malformation

Answer

Carotid dissection

Answer

Hypertensive hemorrhage

Answer

Trauma

Question 4

A 56-year-old man presents with progressive dyspnea and chest tightness. He works in coal mining. Chest X-ray shows bilateral upper lobe nodules. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Coal worker's pneumoconiosis

Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Silicosis

Answer

Tuberculosis

Answer

Sarcoidosis

Question 5

A 56-year-old man presents with progressive dyspnea and dry cough. HRCT shows bilateral lower lobe fibrosis with honeycombing. He has clubbing and restrictive spirometry. What medication may slow disease progression?

Accepted Answer

Pirfenidone

Answer

Prednisolone

Answer

Azathioprine

Answer

Cyclophosphamide

Answer

N-acetylcysteine

Question 6

A 54-year-old man presents with progressive dyspnea and chest tightness. Spirometry shows FEV1 1.8L (60% predicted), FEV1/FVC 0.55. He has a 40 pack-year smoking history. What is the most important intervention?

Accepted Answer

Smoking cessation

Answer

Bronchodilators

Answer

Inhaled corticosteroids

Answer

Pulmonary rehabilitation

Answer

Long-term oxygen therapy

Question 7

A 58-year-old man presents with progressive dyspnea and fatigue. Chest X-ray shows bilateral lower lobe shadowing. HRCT shows honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis. He has finger clubbing. What is the prognosis?

Accepted Answer

Poor with median survival 2-5 years

Answer

Excellent with treatment

Answer

Good with early intervention

Answer

Variable depending on cause

Answer

Benign condition

Question 8

A 54-year-old man presents with progressive dyspnea and bilateral lower lobe crackles. Chest X-ray shows bilateral infiltrates. He works in shipbuilding. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Asbestosis

Answer

COPD

Answer

Silicosis

Answer

Coal worker's pneumoconiosis

Answer

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Question 9

A 56-year-old man presents with progressive dyspnea and dry cough. HRCT shows honeycombing and traction bronchiectasis in lower lobes. He has clubbing. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Answer

COPD

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Sarcoidosis

Answer

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Question 10

A 42-year-old man presents with progressive dyspnea and chest tightness. Spirometry shows FEV1 45% predicted, FEV1/FVC 0.85. HRCT shows lower lobe fibrosis. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial lung disease

Answer

COPD

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Bronchiectasis

Answer

Pneumothorax

Respiratory Medicine

Study Resources

Lessons

Questions

Flashcards

Lessons

Acute severe asthma

Asthma diagnosis and long-term management

COPD diagnosis and exacerbations

Community-acquired pneumonia

Pulmonary embolism

Practice Questions

Flashcards

About Respiratory Medicine for UKMLA

Lessons in Respiratory Medicine

Master Respiratory Medicine