Perioperative Ultrasound Practice Questions

Question 1

FAST USG focuses on all of the following areas except-

Accepted Answer

Pleura

Answer

Splenic

Answer

Hepatic

Answer

Pelvic

Question 2

What is the best way to diagnose gallbladder stones?

Accepted Answer

USG

Answer

Oral cholecystography

Answer

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

Answer

Intravenous cholangiogram

Question 3

To obtain adequate diagnostic imaging in a morbidly obese patient, what modification to X-ray technique is most important?

Accepted Answer

Increase KVP

Answer

Increase MAS

Answer

Decrease KVP

Answer

Decrease MAS

Question 4

In an emphysematous patient with bullous lesions, which is the best investigation to measure lung volumes?

Accepted Answer

Body plethysmography

Answer

Helium dilution

Answer

Trans diaphragmatic pressure

Answer

DLCO

Question 5

In correct positioning the tip of the instrument shown in the image should lie at:

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Answer

Thyroid cartilage

Answer

Above esophagus

Answer

Vocal cords

Question 6

During ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein cannulation, you observe the vein collapsing with minimal probe pressure while the artery remains patent. The vein appears enlarged and the artery-to-vein ratio is 1:3. A spontaneously breathing patient shows respiratory variation. Evaluate the most appropriate interpretation and management strategy.

Accepted Answer

This indicates hypovolemia; fluid resuscitation should be considered before central line insertion

Answer

This is normal anatomy; proceed with cannulation using standard technique

Answer

This suggests venous thrombosis; consider alternative site

Answer

This indicates increased central venous pressure; use ultrasound compression technique

Question 7

A 55-year-old patient with previous lumbar spine surgery requires epidural catheter placement for postoperative analgesia. Pre-procedure ultrasound shows loss of normal posterior complex and irregular acoustic shadowing at L3-L4 and L4-L5 levels. The L2-L3 level shows preserved anatomy with a depth of 6 cm to the epidural space. Which technical modification would provide the best success rate?

Accepted Answer

Attempt midline approach at L2-L3 with ultrasound pre-scanning for trajectory

Answer

Use paramedian approach at L3-L4 with fluoroscopy guidance

Answer

Perform caudal epidural with threading of catheter to lumbar level

Answer

Use loss of resistance to saline at L4-L5 with multiple attempts

Question 8

A 28-year-old ASA I patient undergoes ultrasound-guided axillary block. Despite clear visualization of local anesthetic spread around all three major nerves, the patient develops incomplete block in the distribution of musculocutaneous nerve. What is the most likely anatomical explanation?

Accepted Answer

The musculocutaneous nerve has already entered the coracobrachialis muscle at the level of injection

Answer

The nerve has anatomical variation with dual innervation

Answer

Inadequate volume of local anesthetic was used

Answer

The needle was placed too proximal in the axilla

Question 9

During ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block, you observe the brachial plexus as a 'bunch of grapes' appearance. The subclavian artery appears pulsatile underneath. You notice a hyperechoic line moving with respiration above the artery. What does this structure represent and what is its clinical significance?

Accepted Answer

Pleura - indicates risk of pneumothorax

Answer

First rib - landmark for needle placement

Answer

Prevertebral fascia - anatomical landmark

Answer

Subclavian vein - vascular complication risk

Question 10

A patient is scheduled for femoral nerve block. On ultrasound, you identify a pulsatile structure lateral to the femoral vein. How should you proceed?

Accepted Answer

Inject local anesthetic lateral to this structure

Answer

Inject local anesthetic medial to this structure

Answer

This is the femoral artery; inject between artery and vein

Answer

This represents the nerve; inject at this location

Perioperative Ultrasound

Study Resources

Lessons

Questions

Flashcards

Lessons

Basic Ultrasound Physics

Ultrasound Machine Components and Controls

Probe Selection and Manipulation

Point-of-Care Cardiac Ultrasound

Lung Ultrasound

Gastric Ultrasound

Abdominal Ultrasound

Vascular Access Ultrasound

Ultrasound for Regional Anesthesia

Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia

Airway Ultrasound

Ocular Ultrasound

Practice Questions

Flashcards

About Perioperative Ultrasound for NEET-PG

Lessons in Perioperative Ultrasound

Master Perioperative Ultrasound