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ChapterMicrobiology Parasites/Fungi

Aspergillus species

Free notes, MCQs, tables & flowcharts for USMLE Step 3 Microbiology

10Questions
10Flashcards
3Tables & Flowcharts

Sample Questions

1

A 60-year-old man presents with fever and cough productive of rust-colored sputum and is diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia. The causative organism is isolated, and a Gram stain is shown in Figure 1. Which of the following most correctly describes additional features of the most likely causative organism?

ACatalase negative, alpha hemolytic, optochin sensitive

BCatalase positive, alpha hemolytic, optochin sensitive

CCatalase negative, alpha hemolytic, optochin resistant

DCatalase positive, beta hemolytic, optochin sensitive

ECatalase negative, beta hemolytic, optochin sensitive

2

A 69-year-old man with metastatic colon cancer is brought to the emergency department because of shortness of breath, fever, chills, and a productive cough with streaks of blood for the past 5 days. He has a history of emphysema. The patient does not have abdominal pain or headache. He receives chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin every 6 weeks; his last cycle was 3 weeks ago. His temperature is 38.3°C (101°F), pulse is 112/min, and blood pressure is 100/70 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxygen saturation of 83%. A few scattered inspiratory crackles are heard over the right lung. His mucous membranes are dry. Cardiac examination is normal. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 9.3 mg/dL Leukocyte count 700/mm3 Segmented neutrophils 68% Lymphocytes 25% Eosinophils 4% Monocytes 3% Platelet count 104,000/mm3 Serum Glucose 75 mg/dL Urea nitrogen 41 mg/dL Creatinine 2.1 mg/dL Galactomannan antigen Positive Which of the following is the most appropriate initial pharmacotherapy?

ACeftriaxone and azithromycin

BRifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol

CCeftazidime and levofloxacin

DPiperacillin-tazobactam

EVoriconazole

3

A 7-year-old boy with a history of cystic fibrosis is brought to the physician for evaluation of recurrent episodes of productive cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath over the past month. Physical examination shows coarse crackles and expiratory wheezing over both lung fields. Serum studies show elevated levels of IgE and eosinophilia. A CT scan of the lungs shows centrally dilated bronchi with thickened walls and peripheral airspace consolidation. Antibiotic therapy is initiated. One week later, the patient continues to show deterioration in lung function. A sputum culture is most likely to grow which of the following?

AMonomorphic, septate hyphae that branch at acute angles

BMonomorphic, broad, nonseptate hyphae that branch at wide angles

CDimorphic, broad-based budding yeast

DDimorphic, cigar-shaped budding yeast

EMonomorphic, narrow budding encapsulated yeast

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