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Free notes, MCQs, tables & flowcharts for USMLE Step 2 CK Physiology
A 28-year-old patient presents to the hospital complaining of progressively worsening dyspnea and a dry cough. Radiographic imaging is shown below. Pulmonary function testing (PFT's) reveals a decreased FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, but an increased TLC. The patient states that he does not smoke. Which of the following conditions is most consistent with the patient's symptoms?
AHypersensitivity pneumonitis
BChronic bronchitis
CAlpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
DPneumothorax
EAsthma
A previously healthy 64-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a dry cough and progressively worsening shortness of breath for the past 2 months. She has not had fever, chills, or night sweats. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for the past 45 years. She appears thin. Examination of the lung shows a prolonged expiratory phase and end-expiratory wheezing. Spirometry shows decreased FEV1:FVC ratio (< 70% predicted), decreased FEV1, and a total lung capacity of 125% of predicted. The diffusion capacity of the lung (DLCO) is decreased. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
ABronchiectasis
BInterstitial lung disease
CChronic obstructive pulmonary disease
DHypersensitivity pneumonitis
EBronchial asthma
A 55-year-old man with a 60 pack-year smoking history is referred by his primary care physician for a pulmonary function test (PFT). A previously obtained chest x-ray is shown below. Which of the following will most likely appear in his PFT report?
AResidual volume increased, total lung capacity decreased
BResidual volume normal, total lung capacity decreased
CResidual volume normal, total lung capacity normal
DResidual volume decreased, total lung capacity increased
EResidual volume increased, total lung capacity increased
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