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Free notes, MCQs, tables & flowcharts for USMLE Step 1 Pathology
A 45-year-old male alcoholic presents with fever, productive cough, and foul-smelling sputum for the past two weeks. Vital signs are T 38.3 C, HR 106, BP 118/64 and RR 16. Oxygen saturation on room air is 90%. Given a diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia, initial chest radiograph findings would most likely include:
AMediastinal abscess located between vertebral levels T1-T3
BLeft lung abscess due to increased ventilation-perfusion ratio of the left lung
CRight lung abscess due to the right main bronchus being wider and more vertically oriented
DRight lung abscess due to increased anterior-posterior diameter of the right lung
ELeft lung abscess due to the left main bronchus being located superior to the right main bronchus
A 60-year-old man presents with fever and cough productive of rust-colored sputum and is diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia. The causative organism is isolated, and a Gram stain is shown in Figure 1. Which of the following most correctly describes additional features of the most likely causative organism?
ACatalase negative, alpha hemolytic, optochin sensitive
BCatalase positive, alpha hemolytic, optochin sensitive
CCatalase negative, alpha hemolytic, optochin resistant
DCatalase positive, beta hemolytic, optochin sensitive
ECatalase negative, beta hemolytic, optochin sensitive
A 50-year-old man with a remote history of intravenous drug use and a past medical history of AIDS presents to his primary care provider with several weeks of productive cough and a mild fever. He was in his normal state of health and slowly started to develop these symptoms. He is hoping to be prescribed an antibiotic so he can get back to “normal”. Family history is significant for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. He takes antiviral medication and a multivitamin daily. His heart rate is 90/min, respiratory rate is 19/min, blood pressure is 135/85 mm Hg, and temperature is 38.3°C (100.9°F). On physical examination, he looks uncomfortable. A chest examination reveals consolidation in the right lower lung. Chest radiography confirms right lower lobe pneumonia. Of the following options, which is the most likely cause of the patient’s pneumonia?
APulmonary sequestration
BPneumocystis pneumonia
CAspiration pneumonia
DCommunity-acquired pneumonia
EDisseminated cutaneous infection
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