All of the following are the causes of High output cardiac failure, except?
ASystemic AV shunt
BBeri beri
CAnemia
DCor pulmonale
What physiological mechanism leads to an increase in cardiac output?
AInhalation
BIncreased myocardial contractility
CIncreased parasympathetic activity
DTransitioning from a supine to a standing position
From the given pressure-volume curve, identify the end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV), then calculate the ejection fraction using the formula EF = (EDV - ESV)/EDV × 100%.
A40%
B50%
C55%
D60%
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