Mood Disorders — MCQs

A 23-year-old woman is seen by her primary care physician. The patient has a several year history of excessive daytime sleepiness. She also reports episodes where she suddenly falls to the floor after her knees become weak, often during a laughing spell. She has no other significant past medical history. Her primary care physician refers her for a sleep study, which confirms the suspected diagnosis. Which of the following laboratory findings would also be expected in this patient?

A 12-year-old boy is brought in by his parents as they are concerned about his behavior. He is constantly arguing with his parents and blatantly defying their every request. In school, he is known for being intentionally tardy and for defying his teachers. Upon further questioning of the patient you learn about some of his recent behaviors such as beginning smoking to bother his parents. You also notice that he is disrespectful towards you. You then learn that he has also gotten into weekly fights with his peers at school with no apparent cause. In addition, last week he was seen hitting one of the local neighborhood cats with a baseball bat trying to kill it. The patient lives at home with his two parents in a pre-World War II house that was recently renovated. Physical exam is unremarkable. Laboratory values are as follows: Na: 140 mmol/L K: 4.5 mmol/L Cl: 100 mmol/L Glucose: 80 mg/dL Ca: 10 mmol/L Mg: 3 mEq/L Cr: 0.8 mg/dL BUN: 10 mg/dL Serum lead: < .01 µg/dL Hb: 15 g/dL Hct: 45% MCV: 95 Urine toxicology: negative As the patient leaves the office you notice him stealing all of the candy from the office candy bowl. The patient seems unconcerned about his behavior overall. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true in this patient?

A 37-year-old patient is being evaluated for involuntary movements, difficulty swallowing food, and personality change. He has entered a clinical trial that is studying the interaction of certain neuromediators in patients with similar (CAG) n trinucleotide repeat disorders. The laboratory results of 1 of the candidates for the clinical trial are presented below: Acetylcholine ↓ Dopamine ↑ Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ↓ Norepinephrine unchanged Serotonin unchanged Which trinucleotide disorder most likely represents the diagnosis of this patient?