Reproductive system overview — MCQs

A 32-year-old man presents to his primary care physician complaining of pain accompanied by a feeling of heaviness in his scrotum. He is otherwise healthy except for a broken arm he obtained while skiing several years ago. Physical exam reveals an enlarged “bag of worms” upon palpation of the painful scrotal region. Shining a light over this area shows that the scrotum does not transilluminate. Which of the following statements is true about the most likely cause of this patient's symptoms?

A group of scientists developed a mouse model to study nondisjunction in meiosis. Their mouse model produced gametes in the following ratio: 2 gametes with 24 chromosomes each and 2 gametes with 22 chromosomes each. In which of the following steps of meiosis did the nondisjunction occur?

At postpartum physical examination, a newborn is found to have male external genitalia. Scrotal examination shows a single palpable testicle in the right hemiscrotum. Ultrasound of the abdomen and pelvis shows an undescended left testis, seminal vesicles, uterus, and fallopian tubes. Chromosomal analysis shows a 46, XY karyotype. Which of the following sets of changes is most likely to be found in this newborn? Legend: Normal = normal levels, ↑ = increased levels, ↓ = decreased levels SRY-gene activity | Müllerian inhibitory factor (MIF) | Testosterone | Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

A researcher is studying the effects of hormones on different cells within the ovarian follicle. She adds follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to a culture of ovarian follicle cells. She then measures the activity levels of different enzymes within the cells. Which enzyme and ovarian cell type would be expected to be stimulated by the addition of FSH?

A 25-year-old male visits his physician because of fertility issues with his wife. Physical exam reveals bilateral gynecomastia, elongated limbs, and shrunken testicles. Levels of plasma gonadotropins are elevated. Which of the following is also likely to be increased in this patient:

A researcher is studying gamete production and oogenesis. For her experiment, she decides to cultivate primary oocytes in their arrested state and secondary oocytes just prior to fertilization. When she examines these gametes, she will find that the primary oocytes and secondary oocytes are arrested in which phases of meiosis, respectively?

An axial MRI section through the brainstem is shown at the level indicated by the label 'caudal pons.' A 67-year-old man with hypertension presents with acute-onset left facial weakness involving the upper and lower face, left lateral gaze palsy, and right-sided limb weakness with an extensor plantar response on the right. The lesion responsible for all of these findings is most likely located in which region of the image?

The Image shows the growth curve of different organs with age. Identify A in the graph.

Identify the labeled structures correctly in the axial CT image of the thorax

Linear growth of bone is disturbed when a fracture occurs in which part?