NEET-PG 2025 Previous Year Questions Practice Questions

Q: The image below highlights the jugular foramen. Which of the following does NOT pass through this foramen?

Hypoglossal nerve. ***Hypoglossal nerve*** - The **Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)** does not pass through the jugular foramen; instead, it utilizes a distinct opening called the **Hypoglossal canal**. - This canal is found in the **occipital bone**, separate from the structures passing through the jugular foramen. *Accessory nerve* - The **Accessory nerve (CN XI)** is one of the three cranial nerves (IX, X, XI) that pass through the jugular foramen. - It provides motor supply to the **sternocleidomastoid** and **trapezius muscles**. *Glossopharyngeal nerve* - The **Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)** exits the skull through the anterior part of the jugular foramen. - It is known for innervating the **stylopharyngeus muscle** and carrying sensation and taste from the posterior one-third of the tongue. *Vagus nerve* - The **Vagus nerve (CN X)** passes through the jugular foramen, primarily through its middle compartment. - It is the major parasympathetic nerve supplying the **thorax and abdomen**, as well as motor supply to the **larynx** and pharynx. [Practice more NEET-PG 2025 questions on OnCourse]

Q: The image below highlights the jugular foramen. Which of the following does NOT pass through this foramen?

Hypoglossal nerve. ***Hypoglossal nerve*** - The **Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)** does not pass through the jugular foramen; instead, it utilizes a distinct opening called the **Hypoglossal canal**. - This canal is found in the **occipital bone**, separate from the structures passing through the jugular foramen. *Accessory nerve* - The **Accessory nerve (CN XI)** is one of the three cranial nerves (IX, X, XI) that pass through the jugular foramen. - It provides motor supply to the **sternocleidomastoid** and **trapezius muscles**. *Glossopharyngeal nerve* - The **Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)** exits the skull through the anterior part of the jugular foramen. - It is known for innervating the **stylopharyngeus muscle** and carrying sensation and taste from the posterior one-third of the tongue. *Vagus nerve* - The **Vagus nerve (CN X)** passes through the jugular foramen, primarily through its middle compartment. - It is the major parasympathetic nerve supplying the **thorax and abdomen**, as well as motor supply to the **larynx** and pharynx. [Practice more NEET-PG 2025 questions on OnCourse]

Q: The image below highlights the jugular foramen. Which of the following does NOT pass through this foramen?

Hypoglossal nerve. ***Hypoglossal nerve*** - The **Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)** does not pass through the jugular foramen; instead, it utilizes a distinct opening called the **Hypoglossal canal**. - This canal is found in the **occipital bone**, separate from the structures passing through the jugular foramen. *Accessory nerve* - The **Accessory nerve (CN XI)** is one of the three cranial nerves (IX, X, XI) that pass through the jugular foramen. - It provides motor supply to the **sternocleidomastoid** and **trapezius muscles**. *Glossopharyngeal nerve* - The **Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)** exits the skull through the anterior part of the jugular foramen. - It is known for innervating the **stylopharyngeus muscle** and carrying sensation and taste from the posterior one-third of the tongue. *Vagus nerve* - The **Vagus nerve (CN X)** passes through the jugular foramen, primarily through its middle compartment. - It is the major parasympathetic nerve supplying the **thorax and abdomen**, as well as motor supply to the **larynx** and pharynx. [Practice more NEET-PG 2025 questions on OnCourse]

Q: The image shows a congenital cardiac defect. Abnormal development of which branch of aortic arch leads to this defect?

Left 6th aortic arch. ***Left 6th aortic arch*** - The **Ductus Arteriosus**, which shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta in fetal life, is embryologically derived from the distal portion of the **Left 6th Aortic Arch**. - **Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)** is the failure of this fetal connection to close after birth. *Right 4th aortic arch* - The **Right 4th Aortic Arch** contributes to the formation of the proximal segment of the **Right Subclavian Artery**. - Defects in the right 4th arch are typically associated with vascular ring anomalies, such as an aberrant right subclavian artery. *Right 6th aortic arch* - The **Right 6th Aortic Arch** forms the proximal segment of the **Right Pulmonary Artery**. - The distal part of the right 6th arch normally involutes and disappears completely, unlike the persistence seen on the left side (PDA). *Left 4th aortic arch* - The **Left 4th Aortic Arch** forms the segment of the **Arch of the Aorta** located between the left common carotid and the left subclavian arteries. - This arch is primarily involved in forming the main aortic arch structure. [Practice more NEET-PG 2025 questions on OnCourse]

Q: During a neck dissection, a nerve was identified and marked that is most likely the vagus nerve (CN X). Which of the following is NOT a functional component of the vagus nerve?

General somatic efferent. ***General somatic efferent*** - **GSE** fibers innervate muscles derived from **somites**, typically cranial nerves that control the extraocular muscles (CN III, IV, VI) or the tongue muscles (CN XII). - The vagus nerve (CN X) does not carry GSE fibers; its motor components are **Special Visceral Efferent (SVE)** for pharyngeal/laryngeal muscles, and **General Visceral Efferent (GVE)** for parasympathetic supply. *General visceral afferent* - **GVA** fibers are a major functional component of the vagus nerve, providing **visceral sensation** from the respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems. - These fibers monitor stretch receptors in the lungs, **baroreceptors** in the aortic arch, and sensation from the abdominal viscera, crucial for reflex regulation. *General visceral efferent* - **GVE** fibers represent the **parasympathetic outflow** of the vagus nerve below the neck, innervating smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. - This component is responsible for decreasing **heart rate**, promoting **bronchoconstriction**, and increasing gastrointestinal motility and secretion. *General somatic afferent* - **GSA** fibers carry general sensory information (pain, temperature, touch) from parts of the head and are present in the vagus nerve. - CN X GSA fibers provide sensation from a small area of the external auditory meatus and the external surface of the **tympanic membrane**. [Practice more NEET-PG 2025 questions on OnCourse]

Question 1

The image below highlights the jugular foramen. Which of the following does NOT pass through this foramen?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglossal nerve

Answer

Accessory nerve

Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Question 2

The image below highlights the jugular foramen. Which of the following does NOT pass through this foramen?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglossal nerve

Answer

Accessory nerve

Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Question 3

The image below highlights the jugular foramen. Which of the following does NOT pass through this foramen?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglossal nerve

Answer

Accessory nerve

Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Question 4

The image shows a congenital cardiac defect. Abnormal development of which branch of aortic arch leads to this defect?

Accepted Answer

Left 6th aortic arch

Answer

Right 6th aortic arch

Answer

Left 4th aortic arch

Answer

Right 4th aortic arch

Question 5

During a neck dissection, a nerve was identified and marked that is most likely the vagus nerve (CN X). Which of the following is NOT a functional component of the vagus nerve?

Accepted Answer

General somatic efferent

Answer

General visceral afferent

Answer

General visceral efferent

Answer

General somatic afferent

Question 6

What is the correct nerve supply to the muscles labelled as A and B ?

Accepted Answer

A - Mandibular nerve, B - Facial nerve

Answer

A - Facial nerve, B - Spinal accessory nerve

Answer

A - Spinal accessory nerve, B - Mandibular nerve

Answer

A - Facial nerve, B - Nerve to mylohyoid

Question 7

A patient presents with meralgia paresthetica. Based on the diagram, identify the nerve involved in this condition.

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

D

Question 8

A child presents with a history of fractures, multiple petechiae, perifollicular hemorrhages, and gum bleeding. Which of the following enzyme defects is involved?

Accepted Answer

Prolyl hydroxylase

Answer

Tyrosinase

Answer

Alkaline phosphatase

Answer

Lysyl oxidase

Question 9

A 40-year-old man presents with discomfort in one of his joints. Synovial fluid aspiration reveals rhomboid-shaped, positively birefringent crystals under polarized light microscopy. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

C. Pseudogout

Answer

A. Gout

Answer

B. Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer

D. Osteoarthritis

Question 10

A Patients presents with ankle pain and swelling after a forceful eversion injury. Based on the mechanism of injury, which ligament is most likely to be damaged?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid ligament

Answer

Posterior talofibular ligament

Answer

Anterior talofibular ligament

Answer

Calcaneofibular ligament

NEET-PG 2025

Anatomy

Biochemistry

Internal Medicine

Orthopaedics