INI-CET 2010 Previous Year Questions Practice Questions

Q: A dead body is having cadaveric lividity of bluish green color. The most likely cause of death is by poisoning due to:

Hydrogen sulfide. ***Hydrogen sulfide*** - **Hydrogen sulfide poisoning** classically causes a **bluish-green cadaveric lividity** due to the formation of sulfhemoglobin. - This distinct discoloration is a key indicator often noted during post-mortem examination in cases of hydrogen sulfide exposure. *Hydrocyanic acid* - **Hydrocyanic acid poisoning** typically leads to a **cherry-red lividity** due to the inhibition of cytochrome oxidase, preventing tissue oxygen utilization, which is different from the bluish-green color described. - The bright red color results from the persistence of oxygenated hemoglobin in the venous blood. *Oleander* - **Oleander poisoning** affects the heart, causing **cardiac arrhythmias** and bradycardia, but does not typically produce a characteristic or distinct cadaveric discoloration like the bluish-green hue. - Lividity would generally be a more typical reddish-purple, consistent with simple hypostasis. *Sodium nitrite* - **Sodium nitrite poisoning** causes **methemoglobinemia**, leading to a characteristic **chocolate-brown or grayish-blue lividity** due to the oxidation of hemoglobin, which differs from the specific bluish-green described. - This change is due to the formation of methemoglobin, which cannot carry oxygen effectively. [Practice more INI-CET 2010 questions on OnCourse]

Q: Commonest cause of thunderclap headache:

Aneursymal SAH. ***Aneursymal SAH*** - An **aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)** is the most common and often life-threatening cause of a **thunderclap headache**, characterized by a sudden, severe headache reaching maximum intensity within one minute [1]. - The sudden rupture of a cerebral aneurysm leads to blood spilling into the subarachnoid space, causing a rapid increase in intracranial pressure and meningeal irritation. *Basilar migraine* - While basilar migraine can cause severe headaches, it typically presents with neurological symptoms like **vertigo**, **ataxia**, and **diplopia** preceding the headache phase, and its onset is usually less abrupt than a thunderclap headache. - Basilar migraines usually have a **recurrent pattern** and are associated with a history of similar migraine episodes, unlike the abrupt, singular nature of an SAH-related thunderclap headache. *Extradural hemorrhage* - An **extradural (epidural) hemorrhage** is usually caused by **head trauma** and often presents with a **lucid interval** followed by a progressive neurological decline, rather than an immediate thunderclap headache [2]. - It involves bleeding between the **dura mater** and the skull, which typically develops more slowly than the catastrophic onset of an SAH. *Subdural hemorrhage* - A **subdural hemorrhage** is usually caused by **venous bleeding** and can be acute, subacute, or chronic, often presenting with a gradual onset of symptoms like headache, confusion, and neurological deficits [2]. - While an acute subdural hematoma can be severe, its headache is generally not as instantaneously explosive or universally described as a thunderclap as that seen with SAH. [Practice more INI-CET 2010 questions on OnCourse]

Q: Which of the following substances is not classified as an opioid?

Ketamine. ***Ketamine*** - **Ketamine** is classified as a **dissociative anesthetic** and does not act on opioid receptors. - Its primary mechanism of action involves **N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism**. *Heroin* - **Heroin** (diacetylmorphine) is a **semisynthetic opioid** derived from morphine [1, 3]. - It rapidly crosses the **blood-brain barrier** and is metabolized to morphine, where it acts as a potent **mu-opioid receptor agonist** [3]. *Methadone* - **Methadone** is a **synthetic opioid** used in the treatment of opioid dependence and chronic pain [1, 2]. - It acts primarily as a **mu-opioid receptor agonist** with a long duration of action [1, 2]. *Fentanyl* - **Fentanyl** is a powerful **synthetic opioid** analgesic, much more potent than morphine [2]. - It selectively binds to and activates **mu-opioid receptors**, producing strong analgesic and sedative effects [2]. [Practice more INI-CET 2010 questions on OnCourse]

Question 1

A dead body is having cadaveric lividity of bluish green color. The most likely cause of death is by poisoning due to:

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen sulfide

Answer

Hydrocyanic acid

Answer

Oleander

Answer

Sodium nitrite

Question 2

Commonest cause of thunderclap headache:

Accepted Answer

Aneursymal SAH

Answer

Basilar migraine

Answer

Extradural hemorrhage

Answer

Subdural hemorrhage

Question 3

Fetomaternal transfusion of fetal RBCs in mother can be detected by: UPSC 08; TN 08; AIIMS 10

Accepted Answer

Betke-Kleihauer test

Answer

Electrophoresis

Answer

Indirect Coomb's test

Answer

Direct Coomb's test

Question 4

Which of the following substances is not classified as an opioid?

Accepted Answer

Ketamine

Answer

Heroin

Answer

Methadone

Answer

Fentanyl

INI-CET 2010

Forensic Medicine

Internal Medicine

Pathology

Pharmacology