INI-CET 2009 Previous Year Questions Practice Questions

Q: Orbital blow-out fracture involves:

Medial wall and floor of orbit. Medial wall and floor of orbit - An orbital blow-out fracture typically involves the **medial wall** (lamina papyracea of the ethmoid bone) and the **floor** (maxillary bone) of the orbit because these are the weakest bony structures. - The force of impact on the globe is transmitted to the orbital walls, causing them to fracture outwards into the adjacent sinuses. *Lateral wall and roof of orbit* - The **lateral wall** (zygomatic bone) and **roof** (frontal bone) of the orbit are structurally strong and less commonly involved in isolated blow-out fractures. - Fractures in these areas typically result from high-impact trauma and are often associated with other facial bone injuries. *Medial wall and roof of orbit* - While the **medial wall** is frequently involved, the **roof** of the orbit is a thick, sturdy bone and is less susceptible to blow-out forces. - Fractures of the orbital roof usually occur due to direct impact or high-energy trauma to the forehead. *Lateral wall and floor of orbit* - Although the **floor** is commonly fractured, the **lateral wall** is a robust structure and is not typically involved in isolated blow-out fractures. - Combined fractures of the lateral wall and floor would indicate a more extensive orbital impact, often with other mid-facial trauma. [Practice more INI-CET 2009 questions on OnCourse]

Q: ABO antigens are not found in:

CSF. ***CSF*** - ABO antigens are typically expressed on the surface of **red blood cells** and in the secretions of individuals classified as **secretors**. - **Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)** is generally devoid of these antigens. *Semen* - ABO antigens can be found in **semen**, particularly in individuals who are secretors. - This is due to the presence of **secreted bodily fluids** containing soluble forms of these antigens. *Saliva* - **Saliva** is a well-known source of soluble ABO antigens in secretor individuals. - The presence of these antigens in saliva is often used in **forensic testing** and blood group determination. *Tears* - Similar to other bodily secretions, **tears** can contain soluble ABO antigens in secretor individuals. - This is part of the general secretion of these antigens into exocrine fluids. [Practice more INI-CET 2009 questions on OnCourse]

Q: Which of the following conditions is characterized by webbing of the neck, short stature, increased carrying angle, low posterior hairline, primary amenorrhea, and short fourth metacarpal?

Turner syndrome. ***Turner syndrome*** - Characterized by **webbing of the neck**, **short stature**, and **primary amenorrhea**, which are classic features of Turner syndrome [1][2]. - The presence of a **short fourth metacarpal** is also a specific skeletal manifestation associated with this condition. - **Short stature** in Turner syndrome is specifically explained by haploinsufficiency of the SHOX gene [1]. *Noonan syndrome* - Presents with features like **short stature** and **cardiac anomalies**, but lacks the specific manifestations of neck webbing and primary amenorrhea. - Typically associated with facial dysmorphisms, such as **widely spaced eyes** and a **distinctive appearance** which are not mentioned here. *Klinefelter syndrome* - Characterized by **47,XXY** karyotype leading to **gynecomastia** and **testicular atrophy**, rather than symptoms like webbed neck or short stature. - Men with this syndrome usually display **delayed or incomplete puberty**, not primary amenorrhea. *Cri-du-chat syndrome* - Primarily associated with a **distinctive high-pitched cry** and developmental delays, rather than physical traits like webbed neck or short fourth metacarpal. - Symptoms are more related to **chromosomal deletion** and do not include amenorrhea or features typical of Turner syndrome. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Genetic Disorders, pp. 175-177. [2] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Genetic Disorders, pp. 173-174. [Practice more INI-CET 2009 questions on OnCourse]

Question 1

Orbital blow-out fracture involves:

Accepted Answer

Medial wall and floor of orbit

Answer

Lateral wall and roof of orbit

Answer

Medial wall and roof of orbit

Answer

Lateral wall and floor of orbit

Question 2

ABO antigens are not found in:

Accepted Answer

CSF

Answer

Semen

Answer

Saliva

Answer

Tears

Question 3

Which of the following conditions is characterized by webbing of the neck, short stature, increased carrying angle, low posterior hairline, primary amenorrhea, and short fourth metacarpal?

Accepted Answer

Turner syndrome

Answer

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer

Cri-du-chat syndrome

Answer

Noonan syndrome

Answer

Down syndrome

INI-CET 2009

Anatomy

Physiology

Psychiatry