Neoplasia Practice Questions

Q: Which proto-oncogene is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma?

C-MYC. **Explanation:** **1. Why C-MYC is Correct:** Burkitt’s lymphoma is a highly aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the translocation of the **C-MYC** [1] proto-oncogene (located on chromosome 8). The most common translocation is **t(8;14)** [1], where C-MYC is moved adjacent to the **Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain (IgH)** gene promoter on chromosome 14. This leads to the constitutive over-expression of the MYC protein, a potent transcription factor that promotes rapid cell cycle progression and cell growth [1]. **2. Analysis of Incorrect Options:** * **B. N-MYC:** This oncogene is primarily associated with **Neuroblastoma** (often via gene amplification) and small cell carcinoma of the lung. * **C. L-MYC:** This is specifically associated with **Lung cancer** (Small cell lung carcinoma). * **D. RET:** This is a receptor tyrosine kinase associated with **MEN 2A and 2B** syndromes, Medullary thyroid carcinoma, and Papillary thyroid carcinoma (RET/PTC rearrangement). **3. High-Yield Clinical Pearls for NEET-PG:** * **Cytogenetics:** Besides t(8;14), other variants include t(2;8) [kappa light chain] and t(22;8) [lambda light chain] [1]. * **Morphology:** Characterized by a **"Starry-sky appearance"** (tingible body macrophages acting as "stars" against a background of dark neoplastic B-cells). * **EBV Association:** Strongly linked to the African (Endemic) variant, typically presenting as a jaw mass. * **Immunophenotype:** CD19+, CD20+, CD10+, and **BCL-6+**. Crucially, it is **BCL-2 negative** (unlike follicular lymphoma). * **Proliferation Index:** Shows a Ki-67 fraction of nearly 100%. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Neoplasia, pp. 324-325.

Question 1

Which of the following conditions is associated with decreased E-cadherin?

Accepted Answer

Invasive lobular carcinoma

Answer

Fibroid

Answer

Ductal carcinoma

Answer

Intestinal carcinoma

Question 2

Which malignancy is associated with a cancer suppressor gene?

Accepted Answer

Retinoblastoma

Answer

Malignant melanoma

Answer

Liver carcinoma

Answer

Lung cancer

Question 3

What is the characteristic ultrastructural finding in a paraganglioma?

Accepted Answer

Dense core granules

Answer

Deposition of glycogen

Answer

Enlarged mitochondria

Answer

Shrunken mitochondria

Question 4

Which of the following hereditary disorders does NOT show an abnormally high predisposition to malignancy?

Accepted Answer

Cystinuria

Answer

Xeroderma pigmentosum

Answer

Bloom's syndrome

Answer

Fanconi's anaemia

Question 5

Paraganglioma is typically seen in which of the following locations?

Accepted Answer

Para-aortic lymph nodes

Answer

Carotid body tumor

Answer

Thorax

Answer

Para-vertebral location

Question 6

Prostate specific antigen is used as?

Accepted Answer

Tumor marker

Answer

Proto oncogene

Answer

Oncogene

Answer

Bacterial antigen

Question 7

Elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are typically associated with which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

Answer

Hepatitis

Answer

Seminoma

Answer

All of the above

Question 8

Rosettes are not seen in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Neurocysticercosis

Answer

Retinoblastoma

Answer

Medulloblastoma

Answer

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)

Question 9

Which proto-oncogene is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma?

Accepted Answer

C-MYC

Answer

N-MYC

Answer

L-MYC

Answer

RET

Question 10

Increased susceptibility to breast cancer is likely to be associated with a mutation in which of the following genes?

Accepted Answer

P53

Answer

BRCA-1

Answer

Retinoblastoma (Rb)

Answer

H-Ras

Neoplasia — MCQs

Neoplasia — MCQs

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