Public Health Administration Practice Questions

Q: Which one of the following is NOT a utilization rate?

Population bed ratio. ***Population bed ratio*** - The **population bed ratio** indicates the number of available beds per unit of population, reflecting healthcare **resource availability** rather than resource utilization. - It is a measure of healthcare capacity and access, not how intensively those beds are being used. *Bed occupancy rate* - The **bed occupancy rate** measures the proportion of available hospital beds that are occupied over a given period, directly indicating the **utilization** of bed resources. - A higher rate suggests more efficient use of beds, while a lower rate may indicate underutilization or excess capacity. *Bed turnover ratio* - The **bed turnover ratio** calculates the number of patients discharged per bed over a specific period, reflecting how frequently beds are being used and re-used. - It indicates the **efficiency** with which beds are being utilized and cleared for new patients. *Average length of stay* - The **average length of stay (ALOS)** represents the average number of days a patient remains hospitalized, which directly relates to the **duration of bed utilization** per patient. - A shorter ALOS can indicate more efficient use of beds, while a longer ALOS may suggest higher resource consumption per patient.

Q: How often is the Sample Registration System conducted in India?

1 year. ***1 year*** - The **Sample Registration System (SRS)** in India is a large-scale demographic survey conducted **annually** to provide reliable estimates of birth rates, death rates, and other fertility and mortality indicators. - Its annual nature allows for regular monitoring of demographic changes and health trends across different states and regions. *6 months* - While some surveys or data collections might occur semi-annually, the comprehensive SRS is not conducted every six months. - Conducting a system as extensive as the SRS twice a year would be logistically challenging and resource-intensive. *2 years* - A biennial (every two years) frequency would mean less up-to-date data for tracking rapid demographic shifts or evaluating the immediate impact of health interventions. - The need for current statistics on vital events necessitates a more frequent survey than every two years. *5 years* - A quinquennial (every five years) frequency would provide very infrequent data, which is insufficient for effective public health planning and policy formulation. - Key demographic indicators are needed more regularly than every five years to respond to evolving health and population needs.

Q: Highest level of health care system in India -

Tertiary health care. ***Tertiary health care*** - **Tertiary healthcare** represents the highest level within the healthcare system, offering highly specialized and technologically advanced medical services. - It includes facilities like **super-specialty hospitals** and research centers that provide treatments for complex and rare diseases, often requiring referral from lower levels of care. *Primary health care* - **Primary healthcare** is the first point of contact for individuals, families, and communities with the healthcare system, focusing on prevention, health promotion, and basic curative care. - It is delivered at facilities such as **Sub-centers** and **Primary Health Centers (PHCs)**, addressing common health problems. *Secondary health care* - **Secondary healthcare** provides more specialized medical care than primary care, often involving consultation with specialists and access to basic diagnostic and treatment services. - It is typically delivered at **Community Health Centers (CHCs)** and district hospitals, serving as a referral point from primary care. *All are same* - The different levels of healthcare (primary, secondary, and tertiary) represent a **hierarchical structure** with distinct roles, functions, and levels of specialization. - They are designed to provide a continuum of care, with patients being referred between levels based on their medical needs, ensuring that "all are same" is incorrect.

Q: What is the number of inpatient beds in a Primary Health Center (PHC)?

4-6 indoor beds. ***4-6 indoor beds*** - A Primary Health Center (PHC) is designed for basic healthcare services and typically has a limited number of inpatient beds, usually **4 to 6**, for minor ailments or observation. - This capacity allows PHCs to provide short-term care and stabilization before referral to higher-level facilities if needed. *20 indoor beds* - A facility with **20 indoor beds** would generally be considered a larger healthcare unit, such as a Community Health Center (CHC) or a small hospital, offering more comprehensive services than a typical PHC. - This number of beds exceeds the standard provision for a standalone PHC, which focuses on outpatient and limited inpatient care. *25 indoor beds* - A **25-bed facility** is characteristic of a sub-district or first-referral unit hospital, capable of handling more complex cases and longer-term inpatient care. - This capacity is much higher than what is allocated for a PHC, which operates at the most peripheral level of healthcare. *10 indoor beds* - While 10 beds might seem closer to the actual number, the standard guideline for a PHC typically specifies between **4 to 6 beds**, not 10. - A facility with 10 beds would fit somewhere between a PHC and a CHC in terms of infrastructure and service delivery.

Q: Most basic level of Health Care System in India -

Primary health care. ***Primary health care*** - **Primary health care** is the first point of contact for individuals with the health system, providing essential and accessible healthcare services - In India, it is delivered through **sub-centers** (the most peripheral unit) and **primary health centers (PHCs)**, forming the **most basic and widespread layer** of the healthcare system - This represents the foundational level of care, focusing on preventive, promotive, and basic curative services *Secondary health care* - **Secondary health care** involves more specialized services, typically provided in district hospitals or community health centers (CHCs) - It serves as a referral point from primary care for patients requiring diagnostics, specialist consultations, or inpatient care - This is a **higher level of care** than primary, not the most basic level *Tertiary health care* - **Tertiary health care** offers highly specialized and advanced medical care, often involving complex procedures, specialized investigations, and management of rare or severe diseases - Provided in medical colleges, research institutes, and super-specialty hospitals - This represents the **highest and most advanced level** of the healthcare system, not the most basic *All are same* - This option is incorrect because the Indian healthcare system is structured in a **hierarchical manner** with distinct levels - Each level (primary, secondary, and tertiary) provides different services, varying in complexity, specialization, and accessibility - Primary care is clearly the most basic level, while secondary and tertiary represent progressively higher levels of specialization

Q: According to the Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) guidelines, how much population does one PHC cover in hilly areas?

20000. ***20000*** - Under the **Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS)** guidelines, a Primary Health Center (PHC) is designed to cover a population of **20,000** in **hilly, tribal, and difficult-to-reach areas**. - This adjusted population norm accounts for the geographical challenges and scattered populations in these regions, ensuring better access to healthcare services. *10000* - This figure does not correspond to the standard IPHS population norm for a PHC in any area. - For reference, a **Sub-Centre (SC)** in **hilly/tribal areas** typically covers around **3,000** population, while in plain areas it covers **5,000** population. *30000* - A population of **30,000** is the standard coverage for a **Primary Health Center (PHC)** in **plain areas**. - The question specifically asks about **hilly areas**, where the norm is lower (20,000) due to accessibility challenges and scattered populations. *50000* - This population figure is too high for a single PHC in any area as per IPHS norms. - A **Community Health Center (CHC)** typically serves **120,000 population** in plain areas or **80,000** in hilly/tribal areas, acting as a referral center for 4 PHCs.

Q: What is the recommended population size that an ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) worker should cater to according to the Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) guidelines?

1000. ***1000*** - According to the **Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS)** and various health program guidelines, an ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) worker is typically expected to cater to a population of **1000 individuals**. - This ratio ensures that each ASHA can effectively provide **community-level health services**, including maternal and child health, immunization, and disease prevention, within a manageable geographical area. *2000* - A population of 2000 per ASHA is not the standard recommendation for optimal community health outreach and engagement. - This higher population density would likely **overburden the ASHA**, reducing their effectiveness and the quality of care provided. *3000* - This population size is significantly larger than the recommended standard for ASHA workers, making it challenging for a single ASHA to provide comprehensive and personalized health services. - It would lead to **reduced access** to essential health information and services for the community members. *4000* - A ratio of 4000 individuals to one ASHA worker is an unrealistic and unfeasible workload, severely compromising the ASHA program's objectives. - Such a high population would prevent the ASHA from building the necessary **trust and rapport** with families, which are crucial for their role.

Q: The Mid Day Meal Programme comes under which ministry?

Ministry of Human Resource Development. ***Ministry of Human Resource Development*** - In **2012**, when this NEET-PG exam was conducted, the **Mid Day Meal Programme** was administered by the **Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD)**. - The programme aimed to enhance school enrollment, retention, and improve the nutritional status of children in classes I-VIII. - This was the correct answer at the time of the examination. *Ministry of Education* - The Ministry of Human Resource Development was **renamed to Ministry of Education in 2020**, eight years after this exam. - While this is the current administering ministry (now called PM POSHAN Scheme), it was not the correct answer for the 2012 exam. *Ministry of Social Welfare* - This ministry focuses on social justice, empowerment of vulnerable sections, and broader welfare schemes. - The Mid Day Meal Programme's primary goal is linked to education and child development through schooling, not under this ministry. *None of the options* - This is incorrect as the programme clearly fell under the Ministry of Human Resource Development at the time of the 2012 examination.

Q: Multi-purpose worker scheme in India was introduced following the recommendation of ?

Kartar Singh Committee. ***Kartar Singh Committee*** - The **Kartar Singh Committee** (1973) recommended the implementation of the **multi-purpose worker scheme** in India. - This scheme aimed to integrate several health services at the grassroots level through a single health worker. *Srivastava Committee* - The **Srivastava Committee** (1975) focused on the creation of a **Medical and Health Education Commission** to reform medical education. - It did not specifically recommend the multi-purpose worker scheme. *Bhore Committee* - The **Bhore Committee** (1946), also known as the Health Survey and Development Committee, recommended a comprehensive health service with an emphasis on preventive and curative care. - It laid conceptual groundwork for primary healthcare but did not specifically propose the multi-purpose worker scheme, which came much later. *Chadha Committee* - The **Chadha Committee** (1963) reviewed India's health infrastructure and medical education. - It focused on health center development and medical college expansion, not the multi-purpose worker scheme.

Question 1

Which one of the following is NOT a utilization rate?

Accepted Answer

Population bed ratio

Answer

Bed occupancy rate

Answer

Bed turnover ratio

Answer

Average length of stay

Question 2

How often is the Sample Registration System conducted in India?

Accepted Answer

1 year

Answer

2 years

Answer

5 years

Answer

6 months

Question 3

Highest level of health care system in India -

Accepted Answer

Tertiary health care

Answer

Primary health care

Answer

Secondary health care

Answer

All are same

Question 4

What is the number of inpatient beds in a Primary Health Center (PHC)?

Accepted Answer

4-6 indoor beds

Answer

20 indoor beds

Answer

25 indoor beds

Answer

10 indoor beds

Question 5

Most basic level of Health Care System in India -

Accepted Answer

Primary health care

Answer

Secondary health care

Answer

Tertiary health care

Answer

All are same

Question 6

According to the Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) guidelines, how much population does one PHC cover in hilly areas?

Accepted Answer

20000

Answer

10000

Answer

30000

Answer

50000

Question 7

What is the recommended population size that an ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) worker should cater to according to the Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) guidelines?

Accepted Answer

1000

Answer

2000

Answer

3000

Answer

4000

Question 8

What is the purpose of work sampling in industrial engineering?

Accepted Answer

Assessment of how workers spend their time on various activities

Answer

None of the options

Answer

Conducted over a short duration

Answer

Sampling done for individual tasks

Question 9

The Mid Day Meal Programme comes under which ministry?

Accepted Answer

Ministry of Human Resource Development

Answer

None of the options

Answer

Ministry of Social Welfare

Answer

Ministry of Education

Question 10

Multi-purpose worker scheme in India was introduced following the recommendation of ?

Accepted Answer

Kartar Singh Committee

Answer

Srivastava Committee

Answer

Bhore Committee

Answer

Chadha Committee

Public Health Administration — MCQs

Public Health Administration — MCQs

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