Maternal and Child Health — MCQs

Maternal and Child Health Indian Medical PG Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 531: Which of the following is NOT a key intervention implemented under the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme?

A. Immunization
B. ORS therapy
C. Vitamin A supplementation
D. Management of hypertension (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***Management of hypertension*** - While important for overall health, the **management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs)** like hypertension is not a primary, direct focus of the **Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme**. - RCH programs primarily target interventions related to women's reproductive health, safe motherhood, and child survival. *Immunization* - **Immunization** is a cornerstone intervention of the RCH program, crucial for preventing major childhood diseases and improving child survival rates. - It directly contributes to reducing **infant and child mortality** by protecting against vaccine-preventable diseases. *ORS therapy* - **Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) therapy** is a key intervention within the RCH program aimed at reducing child mortality due to diarrheal diseases. - It is effective in treating **dehydration** caused by diarrhea, a common cause of death in young children. *Vitamin A supplementation* - **Vitamin A supplementation** is an essential RCH intervention, particularly for children, to prevent **vitamin A deficiency**. - It plays a vital role in **boosting immunity**, preventing blindness, and reducing the severity of common childhood infections.

Question 532: What is the neonatal mortality rate in a population where there were 4050 total births, 50 stillbirths, and 150 total neonatal deaths within the first 28 days of life (which includes 50 deaths within the first 7 days)?

A. 30.0
B. 37.5 (Correct Answer)
C. 45.0
D. 25.0

Explanation: ***37.5*** - **Neonatal mortality rate (NMR)** is calculated as deaths occurring within the first **28 completed days of life** per 1000 live births. - **Calculation**: Live births = 4050 total births - 50 stillbirths = 4000; NMR = (150 total neonatal deaths / 4000 live births) × 1000 = **37.5 per 1000 live births**. *30.0* - This incorrect value represents a **miscalculation** that doesn't correspond to any logical subset of the given data in the question. - **Error**: Even using only early neonatal deaths (50 deaths in first 7 days) would yield (50/4000) × 1000 = **12.5**, not 30.0, indicating a fundamental computational error. *45.0* - This value incorrectly includes **stillbirths** in the numerator or uses wrong denominators in the calculation. - **Error**: Stillbirths are **not counted** in neonatal mortality; only deaths after live birth are included in NMR calculations. *25.0* - This represents a significant **undercounting** of neonatal deaths, possibly using only partial death data. - **Error**: Fails to account for the complete **150 neonatal deaths** within 28 days, leading to substantial underestimation.

Practice by Chapter

Maternal Mortality: Causes and Prevention

Practice Questions

Antenatal Care

Practice Questions

Intranatal Care

Practice Questions

Postnatal Care

Practice Questions

High-Risk Pregnancy Management

Practice Questions

Infant Mortality: Causes and Prevention

Practice Questions

Under-Five Mortality

Practice Questions

Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness

Practice Questions

School Health Services

Practice Questions

Adolescent Health

Practice Questions

Reproductive and Child Health Programs

Practice Questions

International Maternal and Child Health Initiatives

Practice Questions

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