Insulin Signaling Pathway Practice Questions

Question 1

Which of the following is the PRIMARY physiological action of insulin in the fed state?

Accepted Answer

Activation of key enzymes of glycolysis

Answer

Stimulation of gluconeogenesis

Answer

Increased amino acid entry in the cell

Answer

Increased lipogenesis

Question 2

Insulin acts through which receptor?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme-linked

Answer

GPCR

Answer

Intracellular

Answer

Ion channel

Question 3

Which of the following is FALSE about insulin action?

Accepted Answer

Insulin promotes ketogenesis

Answer

Insulin promotes glycolysis

Answer

Insulin promotes glycogen synthesis

Answer

Insulin promotes lipogenesis

Question 4

Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of insulin on target cells?

Accepted Answer

Insulin binds to a transmembrane receptor on the outer surface of the plasma membrane, activating the tyrosine kinase in the cytosolic domain of the receptor.

Answer

Insulin binds to a receptor on the outer surface of the plasma membrane, activating adenylate cyclase through the Gs protein.

Answer

Insulin binds to a cytoplasmic receptor and is transferred as a hormone receptor complex to the nucleus to modulate gene expression.

Answer

Insulin enters the cell and causes the release of calcium ions from intracellular stores.

Question 5

Two normal, healthy subjects volunteer for a study on insulin secretion. In Patient 1, blood glucose is increased to 150 mg/dL by direct intravenous infusion. In Patient 2, blood glucose is increased to 150 mg/dL by ingestion of oral glucose. The peak plasma insulin concentration produced in Patient 1 is 70 uU/mL while in Patient 2, it is 95 uU/mL. Which of the following best explains the higher insulin concentration in Patient 2?

Accepted Answer

Ingested glucose increases duodenal secretion of gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), increasing beta cell release of insulin

Answer

Intravenous glucose increases islet cell secretion of somatostatin, inhibiting beta cell release of insulin

Answer

Intravenous glucose increases islet cell secretion of glucagon, inhibiting beta cell release of insulin

Answer

Ingested glucose activates a sympathetic reflex that increases beta cell release of insulin

Question 6

Select the correct sequence of events in the cAMP signaling pathway.

Accepted Answer

Adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, which activates PKA.

Answer

PKA is activated before cAMP is formed.

Answer

Adenylyl cyclase activates PKA before producing cAMP.

Answer

cAMP directly activates adenylyl cyclase to produce more cAMP.

Question 7

Which of the following binds to Tyrosine Kinase receptor?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Prolactin

Answer

Growth Hormone

Question 8

What is the primary effect of GLP-1 on insulin secretion?

Accepted Answer

Increased insulin secretion from beta-cells of pancreas

Answer

Increased aldosterone secretion by adrenal

Answer

Increased PTH secretion

Answer

Increased testosterone secretion from Leydig cells

Question 9

What is the primary function of G-proteins in cellular signaling?

Accepted Answer

Signal transducers

Answer

Mediators of hormone action

Answer

Molecules that bind hormones

Answer

Intracellular signaling molecules

Question 10

Which of the following genes is least likely to be involved in the development of carcinoma of the colon?

Accepted Answer

Beta-Catenin

Answer

K-ras

Answer

APC

Answer

Mismatch Repair Genes

Insulin Signaling Pathway — MCQs

Insulin Signaling Pathway — MCQs

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