UPSC-CMS 2020 — Forensic Medicine

Q: From medicolegal point of view which one of the following is NOT a sign of previous child birth?

Conical cervix with round external os. ***Conical cervix with round external os*** - A **conical cervix with a round external os** is characteristic of a **nulliparous woman** (never given birth). - After childbirth, the cervix typically becomes **transversely slit-like** due to the dilation during labor. *Introitus is gaping and there is presence of carunculae myrtiformis* - A **gaping introitus** is a common finding after childbirth due to the stretching and relaxation of the **vaginal outlet**. - **Carunculae myrtiformes** are remnants of the hymen that are usually fragmented during vaginal delivery. *Abdomen is lax and loose with striae and linea nigra* - **Lax and loose abdominal skin**, along with the presence of **striae gravidarum** (stretch marks) and a prominent **linea nigra** (hyperpigmented line), are classic signs of a previous pregnancy and childbirth. - These changes result from the significant stretching of the abdominal wall during uterine enlargement. *Perineum is lax and there is evidence of scarring* - A **lax perineum** indicates loss of tone in the pelvic floor muscles, which commonly occurs after vaginal delivery. - **Perineal scarring** can be a result of episiotomy or perineal tears sustained during childbirth. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Consider the following regarding examination of a rape victim: 1. Emergency pill is provided 2. Internal examination must be performed 3. HIV testing is done Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1 and 3 only. ***1 and 3 only*** - **Emergency contraception** (emergency pill) is important to prevent unwanted pregnancy and should be offered and administered as soon as possible after sexual assault. - **HIV testing** is crucial for baseline assessment and to determine the need for **post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)** against HIV. *1, 2 and 3* - While emergency contraception and HIV testing are critical, **internal examination** is not always mandatory and should only be performed with the **explicit consent** of the victim, and only if considered medically necessary or for forensic evidence collection. - The victim has the right to refuse any part of the examination. *2 only* - This option is incorrect because, as explained, an **internal examination** is not mandatory and requires **informed consent**. - Emergency contraception and HIV testing are also vital components of care. *3 only* - This option is incomplete as it correctly identifies the importance of **HIV testing**, but misses the crucial role of **emergency contraception** in preventing pregnancy after sexual assault. - Both are critical aspects of immediate medical care. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

2 Previous Year Questions with Answers & Explanations

Questions

All Subjects Anatomy (2)Anesthesiology (1)Biochemistry (1)Community Medicine (30)Dermatology (1)Forensic Medicine (2)Internal Medicine (13)Microbiology (3)Obstetrics and Gynecology (35)Orthopaedics (2)Pathology (2)Pharmacology (4)Radiology (3)Surgery (20)

From medicolegal point of view which one of the following is NOT a sign of previous child birth?

Consider the following regarding examination of a rape victim: 1. Emergency pill is provided 2. Internal examination must be performed 3. HIV testing is done Which of the above statements is/are correct?

UPSC-CMS 2020 - Forensic Medicine UPSC-CMS Practice Questions and MCQs

Question 1: From medicolegal point of view which one of the following is NOT a sign of previous child birth?

A. Introitus is gaping and there is presence of carunculae myrtiformis
B. Conical cervix with round external os (Correct Answer)
C. Perineum is lax and there is evidence of scarring
D. Abdomen is lax and loose with striae and linea nigra

Explanation: ***Conical cervix with round external os*** - A **conical cervix with a round external os** is characteristic of a **nulliparous woman** (never given birth). - After childbirth, the cervix typically becomes **transversely slit-like** due to the dilation during labor. *Introitus is gaping and there is presence of carunculae myrtiformis* - A **gaping introitus** is a common finding after childbirth due to the stretching and relaxation of the **vaginal outlet**. - **Carunculae myrtiformes** are remnants of the hymen that are usually fragmented during vaginal delivery. *Abdomen is lax and loose with striae and linea nigra* - **Lax and loose abdominal skin**, along with the presence of **striae gravidarum** (stretch marks) and a prominent **linea nigra** (hyperpigmented line), are classic signs of a previous pregnancy and childbirth. - These changes result from the significant stretching of the abdominal wall during uterine enlargement. *Perineum is lax and there is evidence of scarring* - A **lax perineum** indicates loss of tone in the pelvic floor muscles, which commonly occurs after vaginal delivery. - **Perineal scarring** can be a result of episiotomy or perineal tears sustained during childbirth.

Question 2: Consider the following regarding examination of a rape victim: 1. Emergency pill is provided 2. Internal examination must be performed 3. HIV testing is done Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 2 only
C. 3 only
D. 1 and 3 only (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***1 and 3 only*** - **Emergency contraception** (emergency pill) is important to prevent unwanted pregnancy and should be offered and administered as soon as possible after sexual assault. - **HIV testing** is crucial for baseline assessment and to determine the need for **post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)** against HIV. *1, 2 and 3* - While emergency contraception and HIV testing are critical, **internal examination** is not always mandatory and should only be performed with the **explicit consent** of the victim, and only if considered medically necessary or for forensic evidence collection. - The victim has the right to refuse any part of the examination. *2 only* - This option is incorrect because, as explained, an **internal examination** is not mandatory and requires **informed consent**. - Emergency contraception and HIV testing are also vital components of care. *3 only* - This option is incomplete as it correctly identifies the importance of **HIV testing**, but misses the crucial role of **emergency contraception** in preventing pregnancy after sexual assault. - Both are critical aspects of immediate medical care.