Question 61: Transplantation between identical twins-
- A. Xenograft
- B. Autograft
- C. Isograft (Correct Answer)
- D. Allograft
Explanation: ***Isograft***
- An **isograft** refers to a transplant between **genetically identical individuals**, such as identical twins, thus minimizing immune rejection [1].
- Due to the identical genetic makeup, the recipient's immune system will not recognize the transplanted tissue as foreign, making **immunosuppression unnecessary** [1].
*Xenograft*
- A **xenograft** involves transplantation of tissues or organs between **different species**, for example, from a pig to a human.
- These grafts typically face severe and rapid **immune rejection** due to significant genetic differences between the donor and recipient species.
*Autograft*
- An **autograft** is a transplant of tissue from **one part of an individual's body to another part of the same individual**.
- This type of graft has no risk of rejection as the tissue is genetically identical to the recipient's own tissue [2].
*Allograft*
- An **allograft** is a transplant between **genetically non-identical individuals of the same species**, such as between two non-twin humans.
- These grafts always require **immunosuppressive therapy** to prevent rejection due to genetic differences, though rejection rates vary based on HLA matching [1].