INI-CET 2024 — Community Medicine

Question 1: What ethical statement regarding therapeutic abortion was made in the Declaration of Oslo by the World Medical Association in 1970?

• A. Hunger and health rights
• B. Prohibition of torture and inhumane treatment
• C. Ethical guidelines for medical research
• D. Ethical considerations for therapeutic abortion (Correct Answer)

Explanation: ***Ethical considerations for therapeutic abortion*** - The **Declaration of Oslo (1970)** specifically addressed the ethical principles surrounding **therapeutic abortion**, outlining the physician's role and responsibilities. - This declaration provided guidance on situations where a medical practitioner might consider ending a pregnancy to protect the **life or health of the mother**. *Hunger and health rights* - While important ethical considerations, these topics are primarily addressed in other declarations and international human rights instruments, not specifically the **Declaration of Oslo on therapeutic abortion**. - The focus of the Oslo Declaration was narrowly on the **ethical dilemmas surrounding pregnancy termination**. *Prohibition of torture and inhumane treatment* - This ethical statement is primarily associated with documents like the **Declaration of Tokyo (1975)**, which explicitly addresses the physician's role in preventing and condemning torture, not therapeutic abortion. - The content of the Oslo Declaration is distinct from discussions of torture and inhumane treatment. *Ethical guidelines for medical research* - Ethical guidelines for medical research, especially involving human subjects, are primarily covered by documents like the **Declaration of Helsinki (1964)**, not the Declaration of Oslo. - These two declarations serve different purposes and address distinct ethical domains.