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FMGE 2022 — Internal Medicine

Q: Which of the following diagnoses give the hematological picture as given below?

Saturnism. ***Saturnism*** - The image displays **basophilic stippling** in red blood cells, which is a classic hematological finding in **lead poisoning** (saturnism). - Lead inhibits enzymes involved in **heme synthesis**, leading to the accumulation of ribosomal RNA aggregates detected as basophilic stippling. *Arsenic poisoning* - Arsenic poisoning can cause various hematological abnormalities, including **anemia** and **pancytopenia**, but **basophilic stippling** is not a characteristic feature. - Its mechanism of toxicity involves inhibiting enzyme function and cellular respiration, distinct from lead's effect on heme synthesis. *Chronic iron toxicity* - Chronic iron toxicity typically leads to **hemochromatosis**, with iron deposition in various organs, and can cause **liver damage** and **cardiomyopathy**. - It does not primarily manifest with **basophilic stippling** in red blood cells. *Minamata disease* - Minamata disease is a severe neurological syndrome caused by **mercury poisoning**, particularly **methylmercury**. - It primarily affects the **nervous system**, causing symptoms like ataxia, sensory disturbances, and tremors, and does not typically present with **basophilic stippling**. [Practice more Internal Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

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Which of the following diagnoses give the hematological picture as given below?