Trauma/Emergencies — Flashcards

Flashcard 341: What is done after cast immobilization for a non-displaced scaphoid fracture? _____

Answer: Monitor with serial x-ray to rule out osteonecrosis of the proximal segment and non-union of the fracture

Extra: Scaphoid fractures have a high risk of nonunion and avascular necrosis (AVN) due to the retrograde blood supply (from the distal pole to the proximal pole). Non-displaced fractures are managed with a thumb spica cast and serial X-rays.

Flashcard 342: What is the primary treatment for anal canal cancer?\n\n_____

Answer: Nigro protocol (chemoradiation with 5-FU and mitomycin)

Extra: The Nigro protocol (5-FU, Mitomycin, and Radiation) is the definitive treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal. This approach is preferred over primary surgery because it allows for sphincter preservation. Surgery is indicated for salvage or for tumors of the anal margin.

Flashcard 343: _____ refers to retraction and entrapment of the prepuce in an uncircumcised male

Answer: Paraphimosis

Flashcard 344: Pain at _____ edge of lateral or medial malleolus = get an x-ray to rule out fracture

Answer: posterior

Flashcard 345: Blunt thoracic trauma can cause a sudden increase in _____

Answer: intraesophageal pressure

Flashcard 346: What is the most common cause of esophageal perforation? _____

Answer: Instrumental perforation (namely endoscopy)

Flashcard 347: Peritonsillar Abscess is managed with _____

Answer: Drainage and IV antibiotics

Flashcard 348: What is the definitive management for a patient with a knife wound in the right fourth intercostal space and knife still in situ? _____

Answer: Emergency surgery

Flashcard 349: Most common site of osteonecrosis = _____

Answer: femur head

Flashcard 350: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is indicated for patients with a periprocedural risk of stroke ≤ 3% who have a life expectancy ≥ _____

Answer: 5 years