Trauma/Emergencies — Flashcards

Flashcard 321: In a skeletally immature patient with scoliosis, a Cobb angle of 30-40° is treated with a _____.

Answer: thoracolumbosacral spinal brace (TLSO)

Extra: Management of scoliosis based on Cobb angle (in skeletally immature patients): - < 20°: Observation - 20-40°: Bracing (e.g., TLSO) - > 40-50°: Surgery (Spinal fusion)

Flashcard 322: What is the treatment of a pigmented skin lesion that has palpable nodularity? _____

Answer: Excisional biopsy

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 323: Pelvic Trauma: 1) Blood at urethral meatus and high riding prostate → _____ 2) If (1) is normal → retrograde cystogram 3) If (2) shows intraperitoneal extravasation → ex-lap 4) If (2) shows extraperitoneal extravasation → foley

Answer: retrograde urethrogram

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki 

Flashcard 324: (-) Pain and white/charred edges and full thickness burn = _____ degree burn

Answer: 3rd

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/burns/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 325: A diabetic ulcer with slough and a calloused margin (which inhibit healing) should be managed with _____

Answer: sharp surgical debridement

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 326: _____ shoulder dislocations require multiple X-rays for diagnosis (e.g. axillary and lateral views)

Answer: Posterior

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki 

Flashcard 327: What is breast conserving therapy? (3) _____

Answer: Lumpectomy (partial mastectomy) Sentinel lymph node biopsy Radiation therapy

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki 

Flashcard 328: _____ refers to abnormal bone remodeling of the otic capsule, causing the stapes footplate to become fixed to the oval window.

Answer: Otosclerosis

Flashcard 329: What is used to assess for intraperitoneal hemorrhage in a **hemodynamically unstable** patient with blunt abdominal trauma? _____

Answer: Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST)

Extra: In hemodynamically **stable** patients with blunt abdominal trauma, **CT scan** is the preferred diagnostic study as it can identify and grade specific organ injuries. FAST is the preferred bedside study in **unstable** patients to quickly identify the need for laparotomy.

Flashcard 330: Necrotizing fasciitis is commonly caused by Strep pyogenes or Clostridium perfringens and treated with _____ and _____

Answer: surgical debridement

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki