Lung transplantation candidacy — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Which complication of *Aspergillus fumigatus* infection typically requires surgical resection in addition to medical therapy?

Answer: Aspergilloma

Extra: Aspergillomas (fungus balls) develop in pre-existing lung cavities (e.g., from tuberculosis). Surgery is indicated for symptomatic patients, particularly those with massive hemoptysis, as systemic antifungals have poor penetration into the fungal ball.

Flashcard 2: A _____ is indicated when an emergency airway is required or orotracheal / nasotracheal intubation is unsuccessful / contraindicated

Answer: cricothyrotomy

Flashcard 3: Tension pneumothorax needs immediate needle decompression and _____ placement

Answer: chest tube

Flashcard 4: In a renal transplant a patient presenting with fever and leakage of urine into the pelvic cavity 5 - 10 days following the transplant most likely has _____

Answer: distal ureteral ischemia