Sleep disorders related to medical conditions — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Narcolepsy is characterized by nocturnal and narcoleptic sleep episodes that start with _____ sleep (sleep paralysis)

Answer: REM

Flashcard 2: _____ hallucinations occur while waking from sleep; sometimes seen in narcolepsy

Answer: Hypnopompic

Flashcard 3: What drug may be used to reduce nightmares in PTSD? _____

Answer: Prazosin

Flashcard 4: _____ disorders include panic disorder, phobias, generalized anxiety disorder, and selective mutism

Answer: Anxiety

Flashcard 5: Which stage of sleep do dreams and nightmares occur? _____

Answer: REM sleep

Flashcard 6: What is the primary neurotransmitter that inhibits REM sleep?

Answer: norepinephrine (NE)

Flashcard 7: What sleep changes are common in the elderly?

Answer: less REM and slow-wave sleep more latency and awakenings

Flashcard 8: stage N3

Answer: deep sleep, sleepwalking, night terrors, bedwetting

Extra: delta waves

Flashcard 9: REM

Answer: dreaming, loss of motor tone, high brain activity

Extra: beta waves (like being fully awake)

Flashcard 10: What three drugs are associated with reduced REM and Stage N3 sleep?

Answer: alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbituates