Schizoaffective disorder — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Typical and atypical antipsychotics may be used to treat intractable or distressing tics associated with _____ syndrome

Answer: Tourette

Flashcard 2: _____ disorder meets criteria for schizophrenia in addition to major mood disorder (major depressive or bipolar)

Answer: Schizoaffective

Flashcard 3: What feature of psychosis is characterized by speech that is incoherent ("word salad"), tangential, or derailed? _____

Answer: Disorganized thought

Flashcard 4: Which personality disorder is characterized by eccentric appearance, interpersonal awkwardness, and odd beliefs/magical thinking? _____

Answer: Schizotypal (cluster A)

Flashcard 5: In addition to schizophrenia, typical antipsychotics are used to treat _____ in many conditions (e.g. bipolar disorder, delirium)

Answer: psychosis

Flashcard 6: Broca's aphasia

Answer: damage to inferior frontal gyrus of dominant frontal lobe

Extra: Nonfluent speech, intact comprehension. Mnemonic: Broca's Broken Boca (Boca = mouth in Spanish)

Flashcard 7: Key features of Wernicke's aphasia:

Answer: Fluent aphasia with impaired comprehension and repetition

Extra: - Characterized by fluent but nonsensical speech ("word salad"). - Location: Superior temporal gyrus (Brodmann area 22) of the dominant lobe. - Memory aid: Wernicke is Wordy but makes no sense.

Flashcard 8: Anatomical site of damage in global aphasia?

Answer: damage to both Broca's and Wernicke's areas (dominant frontal and temporal lobes)

Extra: Nonfluent speech, impaired comprehension.

Flashcard 9: Which brain system is directly linked to the sense of _____?

Answer: olfaction

Extra: Olfaction is unique among the senses because it bypasses the thalamus and projects directly to the limbic system (amygdala, hippocampus). This explains the strong association between smells and emotions/memories. In psychiatry, olfactory hallucinations can be associated with temporal lobe epilepsy or certain psychotic states.

Flashcard 10: What is the primary anatomical site associated with GABAergic neurons in the reward/psychosis circuitry?

Answer: Nucleus accumbens (NAcc) \n\n[Dopamine is associated with the ventral tegmental area (VTA)]

Extra: In the context of psychiatry and the neurobiology of Schizophrenia/Psychotic disorders, the Nucleus Accumbens is a major site for GABAergic inhibitory neurons. It receives dopaminergic input from the VTA (mesolimbic pathway), which is overactive in psychosis.