Heat production mechanisms — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Thyroid hormone increases basal metabolic rate (BMR) via increased activity of _____

Answer: Na/K-ATPase

Flashcard 2: Activation of which sympathetic receptor leads to increased lipolysis, increased thermogenesis in skeletal muscle, and increased bladder relaxation?_____

Answer: Beta-3 adrenergic receptor (β3)

Flashcard 3: Exposure to cold temperatures causes _____ sympathetic nervous system activity

Answer: increased

Flashcard 4: The posterior hypothalamus **controls** the _____ nervous system

Answer: sympathetic

Flashcard 5: How does hyperthyroidism cause an increased basal metabolic rate?_____

Answer: Via increased synthesis of Na+-K+ ATPase pumps

Flashcard 6: Hypothalamic center responsible for thermoregulation against HEATING:

Answer: Anterior hypothalamus (Preoptic area) :: center for cooling?

Extra: The anterior hypothalamus/preoptic area (AH/POA) handles heat dissipation (cooling), while the posterior hypothalamus handles heat conservation (heating). Remember: A/C = Anterior Cooling.

Flashcard 7: Hypothalamic center for heat dissipation (cooling)

Answer: Anterior hypothalamus (Preoptic area)

Extra: Mnemonic: Anterior = Cooling (A/C) Posterior = Heating (P/H)

Flashcard 8: What is the effect of the cytokines released by activated macrophages?

Answer: fever, hypotension