Dosing in renal impairment — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: To calculate bioavailability using graphs of plasma concentration vs time utilizing nonintravenous vs intravenous administration, what is the formula?_____

Answer: F = (AUC oral x dose IV) / (AUC IV x dose oral)

Flashcard 2: Renal clearance of lithium is reduced in patients taking _____ diuretics or other nephrotoxic agents (e.g. NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors)

Answer: thiazide

Flashcard 3: How do Cephalosporin antibiotics influence the nephrotoxicity of Aminoglycosides?_____

Answer: Increase

Flashcard 4: What formula is used to calculate loading dose? _____

Answer: (Cp × Vd) / F

Extra: Cp = Target plasma concentration Vd = Volume of distribution F = Bioavailability Note: Loading dose depends on the **volume of distribution** (Vd). In contrast, maintenance dose depends on **clearance** (CL).

Flashcard 5: Sulfonamides, methotrexate, IV acyclovir, and triamterene are agents that can _____ in renal tubules, causing renal failure

Answer: precipitate

Flashcard 6: Which β-lactam antibiotics result in increased nephrotoxicity when combined with aminoglycosides?

Answer: Cephalosporins