Insulin preparations and kinetics US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Insulin preparations and kinetics with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Insulin preparations and kinetics Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 1: A metabolic adverse effect of mecasermin, a recombinant IGF-1, is _____
Answer: hypoglycemia
Flashcard 2: Protease inhibitors can result in hyperglycemia due to _____ resistance
Answer: insulin
Flashcard 3: Insulin Detemir and Glargine are characterized by _____ action and duration
Answer: long
Flashcard 4: GLP-1 analogs cause increased _____ release and satiety
Answer: insulin
Flashcard 5: mestranol
Answer: estrogen
Extra: hypognadism, ovarian failure, menstrual abnormalities, HRT in postmenopausal women, androgen-dependent prostate cancerestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, hx DVTbinds estrogen receptorincreased risk of endometrial cancer, vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women
Flashcard 6: Clomiphene mechanism of action (MOA)
Answer: SERM
Extra: Uses: Infertility and PCOS
Mechanism: Partial agonist at estrogen receptors in hypothalamus; prevents normal feedback inhibition, increasing LH and FSH release which stimulates ovulation.
Side effects: Hot flashes, ovarian enlargement, multiple pregnancy, visual disturbances.
Flashcard 7: tamoxifen
Answer: SERM
Extra: ER-positive breast cancerantagonist at estrogen receptor; specific for breast tissue
Flashcard 8: raloxifene
Answer: SERM
Extra: Clinical use: Osteoporosis (reduces bone resorption). \nMechanism: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM). Agonist at bone; Antagonist at breast and uterus (no increased risk of endometrial cancer).
Flashcard 9: What are the clinical uses and mechanism of action of progestins?
Answer: Uses: contraception, endometrial cancer, abnormal uterine bleeding.
Mechanism: binds progesterone receptor; reduces proliferation of endometrium, thickens cervical mucus.
Extra: Progestins (e.g., levonorgestrel, medroxyprogesterone) are used to oppose estrogen's effects on the endometrium, reducing the risk of endometrial hyperplasia/cancer. In contraception, they thicken cervical mucus to inhibit sperm penetration and may inhibit ovulation.
Flashcard 10: What is the mechanism of action and primary clinical use of Mifepristone (RU-486)?
Answer: Competitive inhibitor at progesterone receptors; also glucocorticoid receptor antagonist.
Extra: Clinical use: Medical abortion (administered with misoprostol), Cushing syndrome.
Side effects: Heavy bleeding, abdominal pain.
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