Androgens and anabolic steroids — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Ketoconazole has anti-androgenic effects and thus can cause _____ in males

Answer: gynecomastia

Flashcard 2: What is the mechanism of action of finasteride?

Answer: 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor

Flashcard 3: Dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, and prednisone are all examples of _____

Answer: glucocorticoids

Flashcard 4: Exogenous testosterone causes _____ hematocrit

Answer: increased

Flashcard 5: What adverse anti-androgenic effect may be caused by spironolactone use in males? _____

Answer: Gynecomastia

Flashcard 6: Spironolactone may have anti-androgenic effects via direct antagonism of the _____ receptor

Answer: androgen

Flashcard 7: mestranol

Answer: estrogen

Extra: hypognadism, ovarian failure, menstrual abnormalities, HRT in postmenopausal women, androgen-dependent prostate cancerestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, hx DVTbinds estrogen receptorincreased risk of endometrial cancer, vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women

Flashcard 8: Clomiphene mechanism of action (MOA)

Answer: SERM

Extra: Uses: Infertility and PCOS Mechanism: Partial agonist at estrogen receptors in hypothalamus; prevents normal feedback inhibition, increasing LH and FSH release which stimulates ovulation. Side effects: Hot flashes, ovarian enlargement, multiple pregnancy, visual disturbances.

Flashcard 9: tamoxifen

Answer: SERM

Extra: ER-positive breast cancerantagonist at estrogen receptor; specific for breast tissue

Flashcard 10: raloxifene

Answer: SERM

Extra: Clinical use: Osteoporosis (reduces bone resorption). \nMechanism: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM). Agonist at bone; Antagonist at breast and uterus (no increased risk of endometrial cancer).