P-glycoprotein interactions — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Rifampin is given with Dapsone because it _____ to Dapsone

Answer: delays resistance

Flashcard 2: P-glycoprotein is encoded for by the _____

Answer: MDR1 gene

Flashcard 3: Azoles _____ cytochrome p450

Answer: inhibit

Flashcard 4: Aminoglycosides are actively transported into the cell via an _____-dependent process

Answer: oxygen

Flashcard 5: thalidomide

Answer: limb defects (flipper limbs)

Flashcard 6: What are the teratogenic effects of warfarin?

Answer: Bone deformities (stippled epiphyses, nasal hypoplasia), fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities

Extra: Warfarin inhibits epoxide reductase, interfering with γ-carboxylation of glutamate residues (including Osteocalcin). Exposure during 6-9 weeks gestation leads to Fetal Warfarin Syndrome.

Flashcard 7: Mechanism of action of Disulfiram?

Answer: Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)

Extra: Mechanism: Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase → accumulation of acetaldehyde → Disulfiram-like reaction (wicked hangover-like symptoms: flushing, tachycardia, nausea/vomiting, hypotension). Used as an alcohol deterrent (aversion therapy).

Flashcard 8: Which vitamins, water or fat soluble, are more likely to cause toxicity? Why?

Answer: fat soluble; sequester in fat, less easy to wash out

Flashcard 9: Phase IV

Answer: Patients using the drug in the general population (required post-marketing surveillance)

Extra: Rare or long-term effects