Childhood nutrition requirements by age — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What vitamin should be orally supplemented in breastfed infants? _____

Answer: Vitamin D

Flashcard 2: By what age can a toddler feed themselves with a fork and spoon?

Answer: 24 months

Flashcard 3: Exclusively breastfed infants require _____ supplementation

Answer: vitamin D

Flashcard 4: Osgood-Schlatter Disease is commonly seen in patients during their _____

Answer: pubertal growth spurt

Flashcard 5: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency presents in _____ (age group) as poorly regulated respiration and body temperature, poor feeding, developmental delay, and intellectual disability

Answer: neonates

Flashcard 6: What malnutrition disorder presents as a small child with a swollen abdomen? _____

Answer: Kwashiorkor

Flashcard 7: What is the pharmacological management for nocturnal (sleep) enuresis?

Answer: Pharmacotherapy: Desmopressin (preferred), Imipramine

Extra: Desmopressin (DDAVP) is usually the preferred first-line pharmacological treatment for nocturnal enuresis due to fewer adverse effects compared to Imipramine (TCA). Initial management involves behavioral modification and bed-wetting alarms.

Flashcard 8: What is the primary nutritional deficiency in Marasmus?

Answer: Deficiency of non-protein calories (total energy intake)

Extra: Marasmus is characterized by severe muscle wasting and loss of subcutaneous fat ('skin and bones' appearance), typically without edema. This contrasts with Kwashiorkor, which is primarily a protein deficiency and presents with pitting edema.

Flashcard 9: kwashiorkor

Answer: protein malnutrition

Extra: Skin lesions, edema, liver malfunction, anemia, fatty liver