Second trimester serum screening — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Anencephaly is characterized by _____ levels of AFP in utero

Answer: elevated

Flashcard 2: Elevated -hCG is seen in pregnancy, especially when there are _____

Answer: multiple gestations

Flashcard 3: Down syndrome presents with _____ estriol

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 4: When performing a maternal serum quadruple screen, accurate estimation of _____ is very important to determine whether levels of analytes are abnormal

Answer: gestational age

Flashcard 5: What is the risk of fetal loss in amniocentesis? What about chorionic villus sampling? _____

Answer: 0.5% in amniocentesis versus 1% in CVS

Flashcard 6: Down syndrome presents with _____ free -hCG

Answer: increased

Flashcard 7: Most common high-risk HPV types associated with cervical dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer: HPV 16, 18

Extra: Koilocytes (enlarged, hyperchromatic epithelial cells) on Pap smear. Risk factors: multiple sexual partners, smoking, early age of first intercourse, HIV infection. May progress to invasive carcinoma.

Flashcard 8: Worldwide, _____ cancer is the most common gynecologic tumor.

Answer: cervical

Flashcard 9: secondary prevention (epidemiology)

Answer: early detection (e.g. Pap smear)

Flashcard 10: Ovarian surface epithelial tumors typically present _____ and therefore have _____ prognosis

Answer: late

Extra:   Watch Ovarian Cysts & Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-cysts-and-epithelial-ovarian-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki