Trematodes (flukes) — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Which trematode (fluke) presents with RUQ pain?_____

Answer: Clonorchis sinensis (liver fluke)

Flashcard 2: Which species of helminths cause an acute swimmer's itch?_____

Answer: Schistosoma spp.

Flashcard 3: Flukes are officially known as _____

Answer: trematodes

Flashcard 4: Paragonimus westermani is a _____ fluke

Answer: lung

Flashcard 5: Schistosoma haematobium tends to inhabit the _____

Answer: bladder

Flashcard 6: What are the classic clinical and diagnostic findings associated with Trichomonas vaginalis?

Answer: Strawberry cervix, foul-smelling greenish discharge, motile trophozoites on wet mount.

Extra: Diagnosis: Wet mount showing motile pear-shaped trophozoites. Treatment: Metronidazole (treat both partners). Transmission: Sexual.

Flashcard 7: What are the clinical findings and treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis infection?

Answer: Foul-smelling, greenish vaginal discharge; strawberry cervix; motile trophozoites on wet mount. Treatment: Metronidazole (patient & partner).

Extra: Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Key findings include: \n- Clinical: Malodorous, thin, frothy, green-yellow discharge; pruritus; dysuria. \n- Physical Exam: "Strawberry cervix" (cervical petechiae). \n- Diagnosis: High pH (>4.5), motile pear-shaped trophozoites on saline wet mount. \n- Rule: Always treat both the patient and sexual partner to prevent reinfection.

Flashcard 8: Disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi?

Answer: Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)

Extra: Transmission: Reduviid bug (kissing or assassin bug) Diagnosis: Blood smear, C-shaped trypomastigote Region: Central/South America Clinical features: Romana sign, Chagasic cardiomyopathy, Megaesophagus, Megacolon

Flashcard 9: Chagas disease

Answer: Trypanosoma cruzi

Extra: Dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, megaesophagus. Treatment: Nifurtimox or Benznidazole.

Flashcard 10: What is the disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense/rhodesiense)?

Answer: African sleeping sickness (African Trypanosomiasis) :: Vector? :: Tsetse fly (Glossina spp.)

Extra: Diagnosis: Blood smear showing trypomastigotes. Common names/subspecies: - T. brucei gambiense (West African, chronic) - T. brucei rhodesiense (East African, acute)