Intestinal protozoa (Giardia, Entamoeba) US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Intestinal protozoa (Giardia, Entamoeba) with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Intestinal protozoa (Giardia, Entamoeba) Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 1: What are the classic clinical and diagnostic findings associated with Trichomonas vaginalis?
Answer: Strawberry cervix, foul-smelling greenish discharge, motile trophozoites on wet mount.
Extra: Diagnosis: Wet mount showing motile pear-shaped trophozoites.
Treatment: Metronidazole (treat both partners).
Transmission: Sexual.
Flashcard 2: What are the clinical findings and treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis infection?
Answer: Foul-smelling, greenish vaginal discharge; strawberry cervix; motile trophozoites on wet mount. Treatment: Metronidazole (patient & partner).
Extra: Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Key findings include: \n- Clinical: Malodorous, thin, frothy, green-yellow discharge; pruritus; dysuria. \n- Physical Exam: "Strawberry cervix" (cervical petechiae). \n- Diagnosis: High pH (>4.5), motile pear-shaped trophozoites on saline wet mount. \n- Rule: Always treat both the patient and sexual partner to prevent reinfection.
Flashcard 3: Disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi?
Answer: Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
Extra: Transmission: Reduviid bug (kissing or assassin bug)
Diagnosis: Blood smear, C-shaped trypomastigote
Region: Central/South America
Clinical features: Romana sign, Chagasic cardiomyopathy, Megaesophagus, Megacolon
Flashcard 4: Chagas disease
Answer: Trypanosoma cruzi
Extra: Dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, megaesophagus. Treatment: Nifurtimox or Benznidazole.
Flashcard 5: What is the disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense/rhodesiense)?
Answer: African sleeping sickness (African Trypanosomiasis) :: Vector? :: Tsetse fly (Glossina spp.)
Extra: Diagnosis: Blood smear showing trypomastigotes.
Common names/subspecies:
- T. brucei gambiense (West African, chronic)
- T. brucei rhodesiense (East African, acute)
Flashcard 6: What disease is caused by Naegleria fowleri?
Answer: Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)
Extra: • Exposure: Swimming in warm freshwater lakes (enters via cribriform plate).
• Diagnosis: Amoebas in CSF.
• Course: Rapidly fatal meningoencephalitis.
• Treatment: Amphotericin B.
Flashcard 7: Most common mode of transmission for Giardia lamblia?
Answer: Cysts in water; fecal-oral transmission
Extra: Giardia lamblia causes giardiasis (foul-smelling, fatty diarrhea). It is commonly transmitted via ingestion of cysts in contaminated water (e.g., campers/hikers). Diagnosis is by seeing pear-shaped trophozoites or oval cysts in stool, or via the string test.
Flashcard 8: Mode of transmission/infective stage of Entamoeba histolytica?
Answer: Cysts in water (fecal-oral transmission)
Extra: Infection occurs via ingestion of mature cysts from contaminated food or water. Trophozoites are the invasive form, commonly causing flask-shaped ulcers in the colon and liver abscesses.
Flashcard 9: Organisms seen on Giemsa stain
Answer: Chlamydia, Borrelia, Rickettsiae, Trypanosoma, Plasmodia
mnemonic: Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience
Flashcard 10: What class of helper T cell recruits eosinophils for parasite defense?
_____
Answer: Th2
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/immunology/videos/t-cells?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology/t-cell-activation/acquire?ref=anki
Keywords: Intestinal protozoa (Giardia, Entamoeba) flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
