Bacteria — Flashcards

Flashcard 781: Mycobacteria _____ causes a hand-infection in aquarium handlers

Answer: marinum

Flashcard 782: Is innate immunity specific or nonspecific? _____

Answer: Non-specific

Flashcard 783: Terminal Complement (C5-C9) Deficiencies increase susceptibility to recurrent _____ bacteremia

Answer: Neisseria

Flashcard 784: Is Shigella motile?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 785: Conjugation of normal bacteria involves transfer of _____ only

Answer: plasmids

Flashcard 786: Which type of immunization has a slow onset? _____

Answer: Active immunization

Flashcard 787: What type of vaccine is the Hib vaccine? _____

Answer: Conjugate vaccine

Extra: The Hib vaccine consists of the capsular polysaccharide (polyribosylribitol phosphate, PRP) conjugated to a protein carrier (e.g., tetanus toxoid). Conjugation is necessary to provoke a T-cell dependent immune response, which is crucial for efficacy in infants under 2 years of age.

Flashcard 788: Humoral immunity is used to defend against _____-cellular agents

Answer: extra

Flashcard 789: Is *Leptospira interrogans* visible on Gram stain?

Answer: No

Extra: *Leptospira* (like most spirochetes) is too thin to be visualized by light microscopy or standard Gram staining. It is visualized using **dark-field microscopy** or **silver stains** (e.g., Warthin-Starry stain).

Flashcard 790: _____ is a anaerobic spore former that can produce a double zone of hemolysis.

Answer: Clostridium perfringens