Bacteria — Flashcards

Flashcard 731: Does H. pylori invade the stomach mucosa? _____

Answer: No (sits on top of mucosa)

Flashcard 732: How is Bubonic Plague (Yersinia pestis) transmitted?_____

Answer: Fleas

Flashcard 733: _____ can generate lots of energy through cellular respiration using O2

Answer: Obligate Aerobes (Obligate Aerobes or Anaerobes)

Flashcard 734: IgA deficiency may present with increased infections in _____ sites

Answer: mucosal

Flashcard 735: What is the etiology of Lyme Disease?_____

Answer: Borrelia burgdorferi

Flashcard 736: Clostridium perfringens binds _____, resulting in watery diarrhea due to destruction of tight junctions

Answer: claudins

Flashcard 737: _____ is normal flora of the skin and thus can contaminate blood cultures.

Answer: Staph epidermidis

Flashcard 738: Which bacterial genetics phenomenon involves the uptake of naked DNA from the environment?

Answer: Transformation

Extra: Transformation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer where bacteria take up "naked" DNA from their environment. It was famously demonstrated by Griffith's experiment with Streptococcus pneumoniae. This is distinct from conjugation (cell-to-cell contact) and transduction (viral-mediated).

Flashcard 739: What bacteria releases a toxin that cleaves SNARE proteins in Renshaw cells? _____

Answer: Clostridium tetani

Flashcard 740: Which form of E. coli presents with dysentery (bloody, mucousy diarrhea)?

Answer: Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

Extra: EIEC invades the intestinal mucosa (clinically similar to Shigella), leading to inflammation and necrosis. This presents as dysentery (fever, abdominal cramps, and blood/mucus in the stool). In contrast, Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) causes hemorrhagic colitis (bloody diarrhea) via Shiga-like toxin but does not invade the mucosa, so it typically lacks fever and mucus/leukocytes in the stool.