Bacteria — Flashcards

Flashcard 551: What are the three components of the *Bacillus anthracis* exotoxin?

Answer: 1. Protective antigen (PA) 2. Edema factor (EF) 3. Lethal factor (LF)

Flashcard 552: The Weil-Felix test tests the cross reactivity of rickettsia and _____ OX19 and OX2

Answer: proteus vulgaris

Flashcard 553: Which bacteria releases a toxin which inhibits chemokine receptors on lymphocytes, ultimately resulting in lymphocytosis?_____

Answer: Bordetella pertussis

Flashcard 554: What are the two types of bacterial transduction?

Answer: Generalized and Specialized

Extra: Generalized transduction: Any piece of bacterial DNA can be packaged into the phage head. Occurs during the lytic cycle. Specialized transduction: Only specific bacterial genes (those adjacent to the prophage integration site) are packaged. Occurs when a prophage is incorrectly excised during the lysogenic cycle.

Flashcard 555: Which cytokine is primarily responsible for stimulating monocytes / macrophages to kill the microbes they ingest (macrophage-lymphocyte interaction)?

Answer: IFN-gamma (Interferon-gamma)

Flashcard 556: Which form of Leprosy (Mycobacteria leprae) is communicable (human to human)?_____

Answer: Lepromatous leprosy

Flashcard 557: What antibodies are elevated following a strep infection?_____

Answer: Anti-streptolysin O (ASO) antibodies

Flashcard 558: Which bacteria is commonly associated with jaw trauma?_____

Answer: Actinomyces

Flashcard 559: What is the only Spirochete that can be visualized using aniline dyes (Wright or Giemsa) in light microscopy?_____

Answer: Borrelia

Flashcard 560: _____ is a coagulase-negative Staph that has the ability to synthesize extracellular polysaccharide matrix (biofilm).

Answer: Staph epidermidis