Bacteria — Flashcards

Flashcard 501: What bacteria typically causes septic arthritis in older children and adults? _____

Answer: Staphylococcus aureus

Flashcard 502: Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is synthesized only by _____

Answer: microorganisms

Flashcard 503: Which commonly used disinfectant causes halogenation of proteins and nucleic acids?_____

Answer: Iodine

Flashcard 504: Cord factor of Mycobacteria tuberculosis is only present in _____ strains of bacteria

Answer: virulent

Flashcard 505: Both Mycobacteria tuberculosis and leprae stain acid-fast due to the high concentration of _____ in their cell walls

Answer: mycolic acids

Flashcard 506: Which component of Mycobacterium tuberculosis allows the bug to survive in macrophages?_____

Answer: Sulfatides

Flashcard 507: Peyer patches contain specialized _____ that sample and present antigens to immune cells

Answer: M cells

Flashcard 508: Unchecked intracellular bacterial proliferation of M. tuberculosis occurs during the first _____ week(s) after exposure

Answer: 3

Flashcard 509: Which serogroup of Neisseria meningitidis is NOT included in the standard quadrivalent conjugate vaccine?

Answer: Serogroup B (recombinant protein vaccines are available separately)

Extra: The quadrivalent conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) covers serogroups A, C, W, and Y. Serogroup B's capsule contains sialic acid, which mimics human neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM), making it poorly immunogenic and historically difficult to target with a polysaccharide vaccine. Recombinant protein-based vaccines for serogroup B are now available.

Flashcard 510: In the intestine, NH3 may be produced by intestinal _____

Answer: bacteria