Bacteria — Flashcards

Flashcard 391: Does Klebsiella have a capsule? _____

Answer: Yes

Flashcard 392: _____ has a polysaccharide capsule, which inhibits phagocytosis

Answer: Neisseria meningitidis

Flashcard 393: Which cytotoxin produced by H. pylori is associated with increased inflammation and a higher risk of gastric adenocarcinoma? _____

Answer: CagA

Extra: H. pylori produces **proteases**, **mucinases**, and **lipases** which degrade the protective gastric mucus barrier. **CagA** (cytotoxin-associated gene A) is a virulence factor injected into host cells that promotes inflammation and is linked to an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Flashcard 394: _____ is found in abundance within a bacterial spore and is thought to provide heat resistance

Answer: Dipicolinic acid

Flashcard 395: Name 2 catalase-positive organisms that frequently cause infections in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (besides S. aureus, Nocardia, and Aspergillus): (1) _____ (2) _____

Answer: Burkholderia cepacia

Extra: Chronic granulomatous disease (NADPH oxidase deficiency) increases susceptibility to catalase-positive organisms which can neutralize their own H2O2.

Flashcard 396: IgA protease cleaves _____ and allows for colonization of _____ surfaces

Answer: IgA

Flashcard 397: When a bacteria is in a(n) _____ form, it can survive long periods in extreme conditions

Answer: spore

Flashcard 398: What animals are the reservoir for Yersinia pestis? _____

Answer: Rats; Prairie Dogs

Flashcard 399: Bacterial _____ polysaccharides are the basis for many vaccines

Answer: capsular

Flashcard 400: _____ microscopy is needed for direct visualization of Treponema pallidum

Answer: Darkfield