Mycobacteria overview US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Mycobacteria overview with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Mycobacteria overview Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 1: Mycobacterium tuberculosis primarily resides and proliferates in _____ (cell type)
Answer: macrophages
Flashcard 2: Exposure to _____ will always* result in a positive PPD test
Answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (bug name)
Flashcard 3: _____ is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia in young adults
Answer: Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Flashcard 4: What is the gram stain of Mycoplasma pneumoniae?_____
Answer: None (no cell wall)
Flashcard 5: What gram stain is Mycoplasma pneumoniae characterized by?_____
Answer: No stain (lacks cell wall)
Flashcard 6: Name the clinical presentation, culture medium, and treatment for Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Answer: • Clinical: Atypical "walking" pneumonia
• Culture: Eaton's agar
• Treatment: Macrolides or Fluoroquinolones
Extra: Note: Mycoplasma pneumoniae lacks a cell wall, making it naturally resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins. It is associated with high titers of cold agglutinins (IgM).
Flashcard 7: What are the key associations to remember for cold agglutinin?
Answer: IgM, Mycoplasma, Mononucleosis (EBV)
Flashcard 8: Mycoplasmal pneumonia (Most common cause)
Answer: Which organism is the most common cause of atypical pneumonia (walking pneumonia)?::Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Eaton agent)
Extra: • Features: Insidious onset, headache, nonproductive cough, and diffuse interstitial infiltrates.
• Patient profile: Young adults (<30 y/o), military recruits, and prisoners.
• Diagnosis: PCR, Cold agglutinins (IgM), culture on Eaton agar.
• Treatment: Macrolides (e.g., Azithromycin), Doxycycline, or Fluoroquinolones.
• Note: Lacks a cell wall (does not stain on Gram stain; resistant to β-lactams).
Flashcard 9: What factor explains Mycoplasma's inability to Gram stain?
Answer: no cell wall!
Flashcard 10: What is the Gram stain and morphology of Nocardia spp.?
Answer: Gram-positive branching filaments
Extra: Key features of Nocardia:
- Aerobe
- Weakly acid-fast (modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain)
- Found in soil
- Clinical: Pneumonia/brain abscess in immunocompromised; cutaneous infections after trauma in immunocompetent.
- Treatment: Sulfonamides (e.g., TMP-SMX)
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