Vasculitides classification — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What is the characteristic underlying pathology of **Rickettsia** infections?

Answer: Vasculitis (caused by infection of endothelial cells)

Flashcard 2: Giant cell (temporal) arteritis may present with _____ claudication

Answer: jaw

Flashcard 3: How does microscopic polyangiitis present differently from granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)? _____

Answer: Microscopic polyangiitis lacks nasopharyngeal involvement and granulomas

Flashcard 4: Polyarteritis nodosa may present with _____ due to involvement of the renal artery

Answer: hypertension

Flashcard 5: What significant laboratory finding is associated with Churg Strauss syndrome (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis)?_____

Answer: Positive p-ANCA

Flashcard 6: What vasculitis may cause interstitial restrictive lung disease? _____

Answer: Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)

Extra: Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is the ANCA-associated vasculitis most classically associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary fibrosis (often with p-ANCA/anti-MPO positivity). Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA/Wegener) is more typically associated with necrotizing granulomas, cavitary nodules, and upper/lower respiratory tract involvement (c-ANCA/anti-PR3), though it can occasionally be associated with ILD.

Flashcard 7: Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune condition characterized by _____ of the CNS. Classical CSF findings include oligoclonal IgG bands, while MRI typically shows periventricular plaques. Clinical features often include optic neuritis and internuclear ophthalmoplegia.

Answer: demyelination

Extra: - Demyelination of CNS. - Symptoms: Optic neuritis, MLF syndrome (internuclear ophthalmoplegia), hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, bladder/bowel incontinence. - Charcot's Neurologic Triad: Scanning speech, Intention tremor, Nystagmus. - Diagnosis: Oligoclonal IgG bands in CSF, MRI showing periventricular plaques (Dawson fingers). - Treatment: β-interferon, Glatiramer acetate, Natalizumab. Acute flares: IV Steroids.