Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Patients with scleroderma can present with a sclerodermal renal crisis, which is an intense renal failure that causes _____

Answer: hypertensive emergency

Flashcard 2: What connective tissue disease is associated with esophageal dysmotility? _____

Answer: Scleroderma

Flashcard 3: Which type of scleroderma is associated with the anti-centromere antibody? _____

Answer: Limited scleroderma (CREST syndrome)

Flashcard 4: What is the likely diagnosis in an African American woman who presents with Raynaud's phenomenon and signs of right-sided heart failure (RV heave, dyspnea, peripheral edema, hepatomegaly)? _____

Answer: Pulmonary arterial HTN secondary to systemic sclerosis

Extra:   https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki 

Flashcard 5: Which type of scleroderma is associated with the anti-Scl-70 antibody? _____

Answer: Diffuse scleroderma

Flashcard 6: The anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies in Sjogren syndrome are against _____

Answer: ribonucleoproteins

Flashcard 7: Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune condition characterized by _____ of the CNS. Classical CSF findings include oligoclonal IgG bands, while MRI typically shows periventricular plaques. Clinical features often include optic neuritis and internuclear ophthalmoplegia.

Answer: demyelination

Extra: - Demyelination of CNS. - Symptoms: Optic neuritis, MLF syndrome (internuclear ophthalmoplegia), hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, bladder/bowel incontinence. - Charcot's Neurologic Triad: Scanning speech, Intention tremor, Nystagmus. - Diagnosis: Oligoclonal IgG bands in CSF, MRI showing periventricular plaques (Dawson fingers). - Treatment: β-interferon, Glatiramer acetate, Natalizumab. Acute flares: IV Steroids.