Severity assessment in acute pancreatitis — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Chronic pancreatitis is most often secondary to recurrent acute _____

Answer: pancreatitis

Flashcard 2: Which pancreatic enzyme (amylase or lipase) is more specific for acute pancreatitis?_____

Answer: Lipase

Flashcard 3: Complications of acute pancreatitis include _____ due to activation of coagulation factors

Answer: DIC

Flashcard 4: What is the prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma? _____

Answer: Very poor (5-year survival is ~10%)

Flashcard 5: Acute pancreatitis may present with _____-calcemia/magnesemia

Answer: hypo

Flashcard 6: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is almost always secondary to another disease, which may be remembered with the mnemonic "STOP Making Thrombi": S: _____, _____ T: Trauma O: Obstetric complications P: Pancreatitis (acute) Making: Malignancy Thrombi: Transfusion

Answer: Sepsis

Extra: DIC involves the widespread activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the consumption of clotting factors and platelets (consumptive coagulopathy). Pancreatitis causes DIC via the systemic release of digestive enzymes which can activate the coagulation cascade. * Pancreas shaped hair (Sketchy) = Pancreatitis -> DIC Note: Nephrotic syndrome causes a hypercoagulable state (e.g., renal vein thrombosis) due to loss of Antithrombin III, but is not a cause of DIC.

Flashcard 7: In addition to parotitis, mumps may also present with _____, pancreatitis, and aseptic meningitis

Answer: orchitis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/peds-infectious-rashes/acquire?ref=anki  

Flashcard 8: Parotitis can present with elevated serum _____

Answer: amylase

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 9: The causes of acute pancreatitis may be remembered with the mnemonic "I GET PP SMASHED": [https://www.ankingmed.com/congratulations] I: _____ G: Gallstones E: Ethanol T: Trauma (e.g. automobile accident in children - seatbelt injury) P: Posterior duodenal ulcer rupture P: Pancreas Divisum S: Steroids M: Mumps A: Autoimmune disease S: Scorpion sting H: HYPERcalcemia or Hypertriglyceridemia/Hyperchylomicronemia E: ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) D: Drugs (e.g. sulfa drugs, NRTIs, protease inhibitors)

Answer: Idiopathic

Extra:   Watch Acute & Chronic Pancreatitis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pediatrics-hepatobiliary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-hepatobiliary-pancreatic-disease-acute-and-chronic-pancreatitis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/pancreatic-and-biliary-pathology?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/pancreas/acquire?ref=anki  

Flashcard 10: What age group is most commonly affected by pancreatic adenocarcinoma? _____

Answer: Elderly

Extra:   * Old man with gray hair and gray beard Watch Pancreatic Cancer & Islet Cell Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pediatrics-hepatobiliary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-hepatobiliary-pancreatic-disease-pancreatic-cancer-and-islet-cell-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/pancreatic-and-biliary-pathology?index=5] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/pancreas/acquire?ref=anki Atlas: